A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Zhu, Na; Zhang, Dingyu; Wang, Wenling; Li, Xingwang; Yang, Bo; Song, Jingdong; Zhao, Xiang; Huang, Baoying; Shi, Weifeng; Lu, Roujian; Niu, Peihua; Zhan, Faxian; Ma, Xuejun; Wang, Dayang; Xu, Wenbo; Wu, Guizhen; Gao, George F.; Tan, Wenjie

doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001017

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“…From genomic surveillance of clinical samples from patients with viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, a novel coronavirus (termed 2019-nCoV) has been identified. 10,11 Our phylogenetic analysis of 2019-nCoV, sequenced from nine patients' samples, showed that the virus belongs to the subgenus Sarbecovirus. 2019-nCoV was more similar to two bat-derived coronavirus strains, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, than to known human-infecting coronaviruses, including the virus that caused the SARS outbreak of 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…8,9 In late December, 2019, several patients with viral pneumonia were found to be epidemiologically associated with the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan, in the Hubei province of China, where a number of non-aquatic animals such as birds and rabbits were also on sale before the outbreak. A novel, human-infecting coronavirus, 10,11 provisionally named 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV), was identified with use of next-generation sequencing. As of Jan 28, 2020, China has reported more than 5900 confirmed and more than 9000 suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection across 33 Chinese provinces or municipalities, with 106 fatalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

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Background In late December, 2019, patients presenting with viral pneumonia due to an unidentified microbial agent were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was subsequently identified as the causative pathogen, provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of Jan 26, 2020, more than 2000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed, most of which involved people living in or visiting Wuhan, and human-to-human transmission has been confirmed. MethodsWe did next-generation sequencing of samples from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cultured isolates from nine inpatients, eight of whom had visited the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan. Complete and partial 2019-nCoV genome sequences were obtained from these individuals. Viral contigs were connected using Sanger sequencing to obtain the full-length genomes, with the terminal regions determined by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Phylogenetic analysis of these 2019-nCoV genomes and those of other coronaviruses was used to determine the evolutionary history of the virus and help infer its likely origin. Homology modelling was done to explore the likely receptor-binding properties of the virus.Findings The ten genome sequences of 2019-nCoV obtained from the nine patients were extremely similar, exhibiting more than 99·98% sequence identity. Notably, 2019-nCoV was closely related (with 88% identity) to two bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, collected in 2018 in Zhoushan, eastern China, but were more distant from SARS-CoV (about 79%) and MERS-CoV (about 50%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2019-nCoV fell within the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus, with a relatively long branch length to its closest relatives bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, and was genetically distinct from SARS-CoV. Notably, homology modelling revealed that 2019-nCoV had a similar receptor-binding domain structure to that of SARS-CoV, despite amino acid variation at some key residues.Interpretation 2019-nCoV is sufficiently divergent from SARS-CoV to be considered a new human-infecting betacoronavirus. Although our phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans. Importantly, structural analysis suggests that 2019-nCoV might be able to bind to the angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 receptor in humans. The future evolution, adaptation, and spread of this virus warrant urgent investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

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“…Sir, Since a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, Hubei province in China in December 2019, the number of cases has increased abruptly, with the infection spreading rapidly to other Chinese cities and to more than two dozen countries around the world [1]. As of 23 rd February 2020, 26 cases (16 imported and 10 indigenous) of COVID-19 had been diagnosed in Taiwan [2].…”

Section: Effective Strategies To Prevent Coronavirus Disease-2019 (Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective strategies to prevent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in hospital

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Wang

Lin

et al. 2020

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…12 SARS-CoV-2 (initially named 2019-nCoV) was detected in December 2019 after sequencing of clinical samples from a cluster of patients in Wuhan, China who dev -eloped pneumonia of unknown cause. 13 This outbreak is rapidly evolving and as of March 3, 2020 there have been 88 948 laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19, with 3043 deaths (3·4% mortality). Outside China, there have been 8774 cases reported from 64 countries with 128 deaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East respiratory syndrome

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.

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A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

Cited by 25,404 publications

References 13 publications

Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

Effective strategies to prevent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in hospital

Middle East respiratory syndrome

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