A novel compact broadband and radiation efficient antenna design for medical IoT healthcare system

Dayo, Zaheer Ahmed; Aamir, Muhammad; Dayo, Shoaib Ahmed; Khoso, Imran A.; Soothar, Permanand; Sahito, Fahad; Zheng, Tao; Hu, Zhihua; Guan, Yurong

doi:10.3934/mbe.2022180

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…An important aspect that differentiates IoTSs from other ISs is that they are made up of objects ( things ) that interact autonomously with each other, considering people as other objects or things of the system. To do this, IoTSs need to rely on sensor/actuator networks and efficient wireless communications [ 34 , 35 ]. Consequently, for the development of an IoTS, it is important to analyse existing and available technology, and even develop the necessary devices, if possible, to help meet not only FRs but also NFRs [ 32 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the perspective of software developers, IoTSs are mainly characterized by the heterogeneity of their components and the technologies they involve, in addition to the scarce processing capacity of each component [ 121 ]. For example, due to the lack of well-established standards at the hardware level, manufacturers often provide different implementations and/or operational features, which often leads to a heterogeneous software and communications platform (i.e., with different communication technologies and protocols) [ 34 , 122 ]. In addition, developers typically must deploy a shared set of functionalities across multiple and different devices [ 123 , 124 , 125 ].…”

Section: Methodologies Designed For the Development Of Iotssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faced with this recent paradigm of systems, the Software Engineering (SE) research field has been tasked to propose methodologies that can specifically cover the development lifecycle of IoTS, since such systems have notable differences with traditional ISs and WISs. It should be noted that IoTSs are composed not only of software applications but have two additional components: hardware (sensors/actuators), and communication mechanisms to allow the interaction between that hardware and the Internet [ 34 , 35 ]. Moreover, the interaction between things and people through well-defined interfaces should also be considered too [ 29 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agile Methodologies Applied to the Development of Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Systems: A Review

Guerrero-Ulloa

Rodríguez-Domínguez

Hornos

2023

Sensors

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Throughout the evolution of software systems, empirical methodologies have been used in their development process, even in the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, to develop IoT-based systems (IoTS). In this paper, we review the fundamentals included in the manifesto for agile software development, especially in the Scrum methodology, to determine its use and role in IoTS development. Initially, 4303 documents were retrieved, a number that was reduced to 186 after applying automatic filters and by the relevance of their titles. After analysing their contents, only 60 documents were considered. Of these, 38 documents present the development of an IoTS using some methodology, 8 present methodologies focused on the construction of IoTS software, and 14 present methodologies close to the systems life cycle (SLC). Finally, only one methodology can be considered SLC-compliant. Out of 38 papers presenting the development of some IoTS following a methodology for traditional information systems (ISs), 42.1% have used Scrum as the only methodology, while 10.5% have used Scrum combined with other methodologies, such as eXtreme Programming (XP), Kanban and Rapid Prototyping. In the analysis presented herein, the existing methodologies for developing IoTSs have been grouped according to the different approaches on which they are based, such as agile, modelling, and service oriented. This study also analyses whether the different proposals consider the standard stages of the development process or not: planning and requirements gathering, solution analysis, solution design, solution coding and unit testing (construction), integration and testing (implementation), and operation and maintenance. In addition, we include a review of the automated frameworks, platforms, and tools used in the methodologies analysed to improve the development of IoTSs and the design of their underlying architectures. To conclude, the main contribution of this work is a review for IoTS researchers and developers regarding existing methodologies, frameworks, platforms, tools, and guidelines for the development of IoTSs, with a deep analysis framed within international standards dictated for this purpose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodologies Designed For the Development Of Iotssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agile Methodologies Applied to the Development of Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Systems: A Review

Guerrero-Ulloa

Rodríguez-Domínguez

Hornos

2023

Sensors

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“…The radiating components of the antenna are located in layers 1, 2, 3, and 4, with layer 1 serving as the ground plane. A coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed ultra-miniaturized patch antenna along with slots in the ground plane can be utilized for wireless applications [23]. With the use of an umbrella-shaped metallic ground plane (UsMGP) and an improved radiator, a compact broadband and radiation efficient antenna can be developed [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-band Implantable Antenna Loaded with Patch Slots for Wireless Biotelemetry Systems

Rana,

Islam,

Mehedi

2024

PIER C

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This paper presents a dual-band implantable antenna with coaxial probe feeding for wireless biotelemetry applications. The antenna features spiral patches, resulting in a compact size of 27 × 14 × 1.6 mm 3 . It can operate in two different frequency bands, 241-641 MHz and 1.17-2.06 GHz, providing coverage for the medical implant communication service (MICS) band and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. This simple design offers improved return loss and higher bandwidths that are achieved by incorporating patch slots and shortening pins in spiral patches, representing a significant contribution to the field of dual-band antenna design for wireless biotelemetry systems. In the human body phantom model, the SAR values of 48.9 mW/kg and 1.19 W/kg are achieved, which satisfy the IEEE standard safety constraints. An experimental prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated, demonstrating acceptable return loss and VSWR.

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“…In the past five years, researchers have proposed various strategies and have modified slot antenna designs to attain broad impedance bandwidth and high gain features. These approaches have mainly focused on different feeding networks [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], defected ground structures (DGS) [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], artificial magnetic conductors (AMC) loaded lattice [ 25 ] and the etching of cut slits from radiators [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, few of these compact and low profile antenna design structures were capable of covering a broad bandwidth at 5G mm-Wave frequency range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New CPW-Fed Semicircular Inverted Triangular Shaped Antenna Based on Mixed-Alternate Approach for 5G Millimeter-Wave Wireless Applications

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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This paper presents the design and development of a new semicircular inverted triangular shaped antenna for 5G millimeter-wave wireless applications. An alternate-mixed approach based on cavity, slots and loaded stubs is employed in the designed antenna lattice. The suggested antenna structure is formed by a radiator, partial defected metal ground plane and a 50 Ω coplanar waveguide. The proposed antenna resonated at multiple frequencies by the setting up of the proper dimensions and locations of the rectangles, elliptical cut slots and cavity stubs. Furthermore, a parametric analysis is carried out to examine the antenna’s effectiveness and impedance-matching controls. The proposed structure is realized on the low-cost RT/Duroid Rogers RO3010™ laminate with an overall small size of 1.381λ0 × 1.08λ0 × 0.098λ0, where λ0 represents the wavelength corresponding to the minimum edge frequency of the 23 GHz at 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna’s key characteristics in terms of bandwidth, gain, radiation patterns and current distribution have been investigated. The antenna exhibits high performance, including an impedance bandwidth of 19 GHz ranging from 23 GHz to 42 GHz, results in 58.46% wider relative bandwidth calculated at 10 dB scaled return loss, a peak realized gain of 6.75 dBi, optimal radiation efficiency of 89%, stable omnidirectional-shaped radiation patterns and robust current distribution across the antenna structure at multiple resonances. The designed antenna has been fabricated and simulation experiments evaluated its performance. The results demonstrate that the antenna is appropriate and can be well integrated into 5G millimeter-wave wireless communication systems.

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A novel compact broadband and radiation efficient antenna design for medical IoT healthcare system

Cited by 9 publications

References 86 publications

Agile Methodologies Applied to the Development of Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Systems: A Review

Agile Methodologies Applied to the Development of Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Systems: A Review

Dual-band Implantable Antenna Loaded with Patch Slots for Wireless Biotelemetry Systems

A New CPW-Fed Semicircular Inverted Triangular Shaped Antenna Based on Mixed-Alternate Approach for 5G Millimeter-Wave Wireless Applications

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