A novel color image watermarking scheme in nonsampled contourlet-domain

Copyright Protection of Color Imaging Using Robust-Encoded Watermarking

“…The robustness of the proposed method when ten watermarked Algorithms [5] and [13] are two of the most robust watermarking techniques published with similar purposes as our proposed scheme. To get a proper comparison, we consider a homogeneous format of color images of 51251224 bits.…”

“…While several methods have been proposed to watermark grayscale images, only a few have been specifically designed for color images [8]. In the recent years, several color image watermarking methods have been proposed in the literature, these methods could be classified as those which are based on the frequency transform domain [10], pixel modification in the spatial domain [11], histogram modification [12] and image normalization [13]. Almost all the methods mentioned above have shown watermark robustness to geometrical distortion; however they cannot provide enough robustness against common signal processing, such as filtering, noise contamination and image compression neither some aggressive combinations of geometric attacks and common signal processing operations.…”

“…Nevertheless, our proposed algorithm presents significant improvements compared with them; with respect to [5]: a) the improvement of watermark imperceptibility in terms of PSNR metric, without affecting the robustness of the method, b) the design of a robustencoded watermarking scheme based on the DCT domain; preserving the robustness against JPEG compression obtained in [5] and at the same time improving the robustness against aggressive geometric attacks such as cropping image, and c) the application of the proposed method to color images. On the other hand, with regard to [13]: a) the proposed method can save high computational time by providing a simple design which gets a better imperceptibility and robustness performance.…”

“…The scope is oriented in the same way as the related works presented in [5] and [13], where using the image normalization procedure together within a frequency domain. Nevertheless, our proposed algorithm presents significant improvements compared with them; with respect to [5]: a) the improvement of watermark imperceptibility in terms of PSNR metric, without affecting the robustness of the method, b) the design of a robustencoded watermarking scheme based on the DCT domain; preserving the robustness against JPEG compression obtained in [5] and at the same time improving the robustness against aggressive geometric attacks such as cropping image, and c) the application of the proposed method to color images.…”

“…On the other hand, together with the image normalization procedure, in order to obtain geometric invariance the authors in [13] proposed a robust color watermarking method based on support vector regression (SVR) and nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Here, color image is decomposed in three RGB color model components and a significant region is obtained from the normalized components using the invariant centroid theory.…”