A Novel Cationic Polymer Surfactant for Regulation of the Rheological and Biocidal Properties of the Water-Based Drilling Muds

Abdiyev, Kaldibek; Marić, Milan; Orynbaev, Baurzhan; Zhursumbaeva, M. B.; Seitkaliyeva, N. Zh.; Toktarbay, Zhexenbek

doi:10.3390/polym15020330

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Flocculation is a form of coagulation, when fine suspended dispersed particles in a liquid or gaseous medium form loose flocculated clusters, i.e., floccules. Natural [36,37] and synthetic water-soluble polymers [38,39] and their polycomplexes [40,41] are used as flocculants for raw water treatment.…”

Section: Coagulation and Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Abdiyev

Azat

Kuldeyev

et al. 2023

Water

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Providing safe drinking water to people in developing countries is an urgent worldwide water problem and a main issue in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. One of the most efficient and cheapest methods to attain these goals is to promote the use of slow sand filters. This review shows that slow sand filters can efficiently provide safe drinking water to people living in rural communities not served by a central water supply. Probably, the most important aspect of SSF for developing and less-developed countries is its function as a biological filter. WASH problems mainly relate to the spread of viruses, bacteria, and parasites. The surface and shallow groundwater in developing countries around urban areas and settlements are often polluted by domestic wastewater containing these microbes and nutrients. Thus, SSF’s function is to treat raw water in the form of diluted wastewater where high temperature and access to nutrients probably mean a high growth rate of microbes and algae but probably also high predation and high efficiency of the SSF. However, factors that may adversely affect the removal of microbiological constituents are mainly low temperature, high and intermittent flow rates, reduced sand depth, filter immaturity, and various filter amendments. Further research is thus needed in these areas, specifically for developing countries.

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Section: Coagulation and Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Abdiyev

Azat

Kuldeyev

et al. 2023

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Flocculation is a form of coagulation, when fine suspended disperse particles in a liquid or gaseous medium, form loose flocculated clusters, i.e., floccules. Natural [35,36] and synthetic water-soluble polymers [37,38] and their polycomplexes [39,40] are used as flocculants for raw water treatment.…”

Section: Coagulation and Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Abdiyev¹,

Azat²,

Kuldeyev³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Providing safe drinking water to people in developing countries is an urgent world-wide water problem and a main issue in the UN Sustainability Goals. One of the most efficient and cheapest methods to attain these goals is the use of slow sand filters. Slow sand filters can efficiently provide safe drinking water to people living in small rural communities not served by central water supply systems. The purpose of this review article is to critically summarize and synthesize features and advantages of slow sand filtration methods to improve the quality of drinking water with special focus on less-developed countries. Even though slow sand filtration is an old technique, its efficiency and cost-effectiveness make it important to continue to develop the method in parallel to other chemical and biological methods. Thus, there are needs to continue to develop methods for slow sand filtration combined with simple disinfection techniques for treatment of microbiological pollutants such as bacteria, microbes, viruses, and parasites. These techniques can be applied before or after the sand filter application. Studies are also needed to investigate other types of porous material in areas where suitable sand and gravel are not readily available. Methods are needed to reduce the contents of emerging environmental pollutants such as surfactants and microplastics. Also, further studies are needed to determine design criteria (particle size distribution, depth of media, residence time, temperature, etc.) for different types of pollutants, existing and emerging. Finally, further research is needed to advise on life cycle time, operation (e.g., batch or continuous flow), and maintenance procedures (cleaning of media, back-flushing, etc.) for used porous media in slow the sand filtration.

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Modification of Shale Inhibition Properties using Novel Drilling Fluids with Gemini Surfactant and Associative Polymer as Additives

Ahmad,

Javaid,

Baig

et al. 2024

Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024

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Drilling fluids are known as specialized fluids to modify rheology, filtration, fluid loss control, and shale inhibition properties for drilling applications in the oil and gas industry. Various additives are employed to change the properties based on the requirements of the drilling well and to meet the objectives of the drilling process. Additives such as polymers are used for rheology modifiers, fluid loss control modifiers, and shale inhibition control modifiers. Apart from polymers, a novel class of Gemini surfactants is also employed to modify the shale inhibition characteristics. In this work, a combined effect of polymer and Gemini surfactant was studied on the shale inhibition characteristics. Various drilling fluid formulations were prepared by adding 0.25 to 0.4% concentration of associative polymer and 0.25% concentration of Gemini surfactant. All the drilling fluids were prepared based on the American Petroleum Institute standards. Two major tests were performed to investigate the effectiveness of prepared drilling formulations for shale inhibition properties. These tests include steady shear rheology and linear swelling tests in the presence of real samples of shale pallets. The rheology of drilling fluids including polymer solutions and polymer surfactant solution was measured over a wide range of shear rates ranging from 0.1 (1/s) to 1000 (1/s). The shear stress and viscosity of the polymer solution increased by increasing the concentration of the polymer. However, the shear stress and viscosity of polymer solutions are slightly affected with the addition of surfactant solutions. It was observed that high-concentration polymer solutions were less likely by the surfactant solution. The linear swelling tests were performed with pure polymer and surfactant solutions along with the polymer-surfactant combined solution over a period of 48 hours. The linear swelling of shale pellets in the Presence of DI water was maximum while the swelling of shale pallets in the presence of polymer solution, surfactant solution, and polymer-surfactant solution was greatly reduced as compared to the swelling in DI water. The linear swelling of shale pallets in the polymer-surfactant solution (0.4%) - (0.25%) was approximately 107%. The associative polymer and Gemini Surfactant have positive pendant groups and long alkyl chains in their structures. The positive pendant groups attach with the clay content in the shale while long alkyl chains encapsulate the shale minimizing the interaction of water with shale. Therefore, the synergistic effect of both polymer and Gemini surfactant improves the shale inhibition characteristics. This combination of associative polymer and Gemini Surfactant would be potential additives for drilling fluids to modify shale swelling and hydration inhibition characteristics.

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A Novel Cationic Polymer Surfactant for Regulation of the Rheological and Biocidal Properties of the Water-Based Drilling Muds

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Review of Slow Sand Filtration for Raw Water Treatment with Potential Application in Less-Developed Countries

Modification of Shale Inhibition Properties using Novel Drilling Fluids with Gemini Surfactant and Associative Polymer as Additives

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