A novel case of central hypoventilation syndrome or just heavy breathing?

McCoy, Jacob A.; Karp, Natalya; Brar, Jagraj S.; Amin, Reshma; St‐Laurent, Aaron

doi:10.5664/jcsm.10122

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Some studies report a significant reduction in lung function in obese children. Obesity also increases the risk of developing obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), a condition recently identified in children as well [19].…”

Section: Diet-induced Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing In Children

Voltan,

Concer,

Pecoraro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Furthermore, the nasal congestion typical of rhinitis can contribute to upper airway obstruction and sleep-disordered breathing. A vicious circle is created between asthma and sleep-disordered breathing: uncontrolled asthma and sleep-disordered breathing can worsen each other. In children with genetic obesity, despite alterations in the immune system, fewer allergies are found compared to the general population. The causes of this reduced allergenicity are unclear but probably involve genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms. The study emphasizes the importance of jointly evaluating and managing allergies, obesity, and sleep-disordered breathing in children, considering their close interconnection.

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Section: Diet-induced Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing In Children

Voltan,

Concer,

Pecoraro

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Diet-induced Obesity and Sleep-disordered Breathingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children

Voltan,

Concer,

Pecoraro

et al. 2024

Children

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This narrative review study investigates the correlations between obesity, allergies, and sleep-disordered breathing in pediatric populations. Searches for pertinent articles were conducted on the Medline PubMed Advanced Search Builder, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from unlimited to April 2024. Sleep-disordered breathing causes repeated upper airway obstructions, leading to apneas and restless sleep. Childhood obesity, which affects around 20% of children, is often associated with sleep-disordered breathing and allergies such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. It is distinguished between diet-induced obesity (resulting from excess of diet and physical inactivity) and genetic obesity (such as is seen in Down syndrome and Prader–Willi syndrome). In children with diet-induced obesity, chronic inflammation linked to weight can worsen allergies and increase the risk and severity of asthma and rhinitis. Furthermore, the nasal congestion typical of rhinitis can contribute to upper respiratory tract obstruction and obstructive sleep apnea. A vicious circle is created between asthma and sleep-disordered breathing: uncontrolled asthma and sleep-disordered breathing can worsen each other. In children with genetic obesity, despite alterations in the immune system, fewer allergies are observed compared to the broader population. The causes of this reduced allergenicity are unclear but probably involve genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Additional research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The present narrative review study emphasizes the importance of jointly evaluating and managing allergies, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea in children considering their close interconnection.

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“…In addition, obesity is reported to be a risk factor for hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), which is a rare SDB characterized by impaired ventilatory responses leading to persistent hypercapnia. Although there appears to be increasing evidence regarding OHS in obese adults with OSA, among which hypoventilation was found in 5.9–17.8% according to the different definitions of OHS [ 41 ], there are limited data in the pediatric age and only few cases have been reported [ 42 ].…”

Section: Obstructive Sdb Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Sleep Respiratory Disorders: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Piotto,

Gambadauro,

Rocchi

et al. 2023

Children

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Sleep is a fundamental biological necessity, the lack of which has severe repercussions on the mental and physical well-being in individuals of all ages. The phrase “sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)” indicates a wide array of conditions characterized by snoring and/or respiratory distress due to increased upper airway resistance and pharyngeal collapsibility; these range from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and occur in all age groups. In the general pediatric population, the prevalence of OSA varies between 2% and 5%, but in some particular clinical conditions, it can be much higher. While adenotonsillar hypertrophy (“classic phenotype”) is the main cause of OSA in preschool age (3–5 years), obesity (“adult phenotype”) is the most common cause in adolescence. There is also a “congenital–structural” phenotype that is characterized by a high prevalence of OSA, appearing from the earliest ages of life, supported by morpho-structural abnormalities or craniofacial changes and associated with genetic syndromes such as Pierre Robin syndrome, Prader-Willi, achondroplasia, and Down syndrome. Neuromuscular disorders and lysosomal storage disorders are also frequently accompanied by a high prevalence of OSA in all life ages. Early recognition and proper treatment are crucial to avoid major neuro-cognitive, cardiovascular, and metabolic morbidities.

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A novel case of central hypoventilation syndrome or just heavy breathing?

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing In Children

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing In Children

Exploring the Complex Interplay of Obesity, Allergic Diseases, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children

Pediatric Sleep Respiratory Disorders: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors

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