A novel capsid expression strategy for Thosea asigna virus (Tetraviridae).

Pringle, Fiona M.; Gordon, Karl; Hanzlik, Terry N.; Kalmakoff, J.; Scotti, Paul D.; Ward, Vernon K.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1855

Cited by 40 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…An understanding of the 2A reaction mechanism requires definition of the C terminus of the upstream and N terminus of the downstream reaction products. In a number of cases, the first amino acid of the downstream product has been shown to be proline 19-or its equivalent in different 2A peptides (13,32,34,37,50). To complement these studies, the C terminus of the 2A upstream reaction product was determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This residue, termed proline 19 herein, is the final amino acid of a conserved, functionally important motif, D(V/I)EXNPGP. 2A peptides occur in many viral genomes and are key elements in the control of their protein biogenesis (4,14,15,20,27,34,40,50). Functional 2A peptides are also found in repeated sequences within trypanosome genomes (16,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The separation point is at the C terminus of 2A, with the first amino acid of the downstream product being proline (13,32,34,37,50). This residue, termed proline 19 herein, is the final amino acid of a conserved, functionally important motif, D(V/I)EXNPGP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Site-Specific Release of Nascent Chains from Ribosomes at a Sense Codon

Doronina

Felipe

et al. 2008

Molecular and Cellular Biology

146

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Site-Specific Release of Nascent Chains from Ribosomes at a Sense Codon

Doronina

Felipe

et al. 2008

Molecular and Cellular Biology

146

142

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“…Processing at this 2A site would result in the production of two translation products of 13 (p13) and 68 (p68) kDa, the larger of which encodes the capsid protein precursor (Pringle et al, 2003). An analogous 2A-like site is present in the VCAP ORFs of TaV and EeV (Pringle et al, 1999;Zeddam et al, 2010), but is absent in NbV . Exactly how p13 functions in the betatetraviral life cycle is unknown, but it is thought to stabilize TaV virus-like particles (Pringle et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have a single (monopartite) genomic RNA that encodes both replicase and VCAP often on overlapping reading frames, with VCAP translated from a subgenomic (sg) RNA (Hanzlik et al, 2005). This sgRNA may be encapsidated along with the genomic strand Pringle et al, 1999Pringle et al, , 2003. Omegatetraviral RNAs are capped at their 59 ends and are not polyadenylated, encoding instead a tRNA-like structure at their 39 ends Hanzlik et al, 1995, Du Plessis et al, 2005Yi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome organization and translation products of Providence virus: insight into a unique tetravirus

Walter

Pringle

Nakayinga

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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Providence virus (PrV) is a member of the family Tetraviridae, a family of small, positive-sense, ssRNA viruses that exclusively infect lepidopteran insects. PrV is the only known tetravirus that replicates in tissue culture. We have analysed the genome and characterized the viral translation products, showing that PrV has a monopartite genome encoding three ORFs: (i) p130, unique to PrV and of unknown function; (ii) p104, which contains a read-through stop signal, producing an N-terminal product of 40 kDa (p40) and (iii) the capsid protein precursor (p81). There are three 2A-like processing sequences: one at the N terminus of p130 (PrV-2A 1 ) and two more (PrV-2A 2 and PrV-2A 3 ) at the N terminus of p81. Metabolic radiolabelling identified viral translation products corresponding to all three ORFs in persistently infected cells and showed that the readthrough stop in p104 and PrV-2A 3 in p81 are functional in vivo and these results were confirmed by in vitro translation experiments. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain of the PrV replicase is phylogenetically most closely related to members of the families Tombusviridae and Umbraviridae rather than to members of the family Tetraviridae. The unique genome organization, translational control systems and phylogenetic relationship with the replicases of (+ve) plant viruses lead us to propose that PrV represents a novel family of small insect RNA viruses, distinct from current members of the family Tetraviridae.

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Sequence of the Genomic RNA of Nudaurelia β Virus (Tetraviridae) Defines a Novel Virus Genome Organization

et al. 1999

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The monopartite genome of Nudaurelia beta virus, the type species of the Betatetravirus genus of the family Tetraviridae, consists of a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (ss+RNA) of 6625 nucleotides containing two open reading frames (ORFs). The 5' proximal ORF of 5778 nucleotides encodes a protein of 215 kDa containing three functional domains characteristic of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of ss+RNA viruses. The 3' proximal ORF of 1836 nucleotides, which encodes the 66-kDa capsid precursor protein, overlaps the replicase gene by more than 99% (1827 nucleotides) and is in the +1 reading frame relative to the replicase reading frame. This capsid precursor is expressed via a 2656-nucleotide subgenomic RNA. The 3' terminus of the genome can be folded into a tRNA-like secondary structure that has a valine anticodon; the tRNA-like structure lacks a pseudoknot in the aminoacyl stem, a feature common to both genera of tetraviruses. Comparison of the sequences of Nudaurelia beta virus and another member of the Tetraviridae, Helicoverpa armigera stunt virus, which is in the genus Omegatetravirus, shows identities of 31.6% for the replicase and 24.5% for the capsid protein. The viruses in the genera Betatetravirus and Omegatetravirus of the Tetraviridae are clearly related but show significant differences in their genome organization. It is concluded that the ancestral virus with a bipartite genome, as found in the genus Omegatetravirus, likely evolved from a virus with an unsegmented genome, as found in the genus Betatetravirus, through evolution of the subgenomic RNA into a separate genomic component, with the accompanying loss of the capsid gene from the longer genomic RNA.

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A novel capsid expression strategy for Thosea asigna virus (Tetraviridae).

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Site-Specific Release of Nascent Chains from Ribosomes at a Sense Codon

Site-Specific Release of Nascent Chains from Ribosomes at a Sense Codon

Genome organization and translation products of Providence virus: insight into a unique tetravirus

Sequence of the Genomic RNA of Nudaurelia β Virus (Tetraviridae) Defines a Novel Virus Genome Organization

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