A Novel Birefringent Distributed Bragg Reflector Using a Metal/Dielectric Polarizer for Polarization Control of Surface-Emitting Lasers

Abstract

A Coulomb lattice-gas model with a host-lattice screening mechanism is adapted to describe the ordering phenomena in alkali-metal fullerides of body-centred-cubic structure. It is assumed that the electric charge of an alkali ion residing at a tetrahedral interstitial site is completely screened by its first-neighbour C 60 molecules. The electronic energy of the C x− 60 ion is also taken into consideration as a charged spherical shell. By means of these assumptions an effective (short-range) pair interaction between two alkali ions is obtained. The resultant lattice-gas model is analysed by using two-and six-sublattice mean-field approximations. The thermodynamic properties are summarized in phase diagrams for different shell radii.

Polarization stabilization of vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers by inscription of fine metal-interlaced gratings

“…͑Here, the polarization direction orthogonal to the grating lines is named as TM, and parallel one as TE.͒ Polarization extinction ratios measured at the maximum output are much better than the best data published so far. 10 For example, the extinction ratios of Figs. 2͑c͒ and 2͑d͒ are 46:1 and 59:1, respectively.…”

Polarization-controlled, single-transverse-mode, photonic-crystal, vertical-cavity, surface-emitting lasers

“…Various methods have been developed for polarization control in VCSELs, including the use of a misoriented substrate, 2,3 asymmetric cavity, 4,5 or polarization selective mirror. 6,7 However, these approaches still have room for improvement.…”

Gain-dependent polarization properties of vertical-cavity lasers

“…All of the schemes rely in some manner on breaking the symmetry in the plane of the quantum wells [4], such as by introducing anisotropic gain [5], [6] or loss [7], [8] to the laser, or by using an anisotropic transverse cavity geometry [9]. With differing degrees of success, these methods promote a single polarization state for the threshold transverse spatial mode, but at the expense of increased fabrication complexity.…”