A novel biomechanical model assessing continuous orthodontic archwire activation

Canales, Christopher Howard; Larson, Matthew E.; Grauer, Dan; Sheats, Rose D.; Clarke, Stevens,; Ko, Ching Chang

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.06.019

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Outcomes of the MRH FE model revealed an intrusive movement more at the apex along with rotation of the tooth around the center of resistance than that of the previous linear FE model, which showed no intrusion of the apex or facial tipping of the crown. 16 The magnitude of force acting on the lateral incisor was a result of elastic rebound from the step bend, which was proportional to the material modulus and wire dimension (Table 7). The forces ranged from 6.0 N to 12.3 N and from 2.4 N to 5.1 N for SS and TMA, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical characterization of the periodontal ligament: Orthodontic tooth movement

Uhlir

Virginia

Lin

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective To quantify the biomechanical properties of the bovine periodontal ligament (PDL) in postmortem sections and to apply these properties to study orthodontic tooth intrusion using finite element analysis (FEA). We hypothesized that PDL’s property inherited heterogeneous (anatomical dependency) and nonlinear stress-strain behavior that could aid FEA to delineate force vectors with various rectangular archwires. Materials and Methods A dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to quantify the stress-strain behavior of bovine PDL. Uniaxial tension tests using three force levels (0.5, 1, and 3 N) and samples from two anatomical locations (circumferential and longitudinal) were performed to calculate modulus. The Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic (MRH) model was applied to the experimental data and used in an FEA of orthodontic intrusion rebounded via a 0.45-mm step bend with three archwire configurations of two materials (stainless steel and TMA). Results Force levels and anatomical location were statistically significant in their effects on modulus (P < .05). The apical part had a greater stiffness than did the middle part. The MRH model was found to approximate the experimental data well (r = 0.99), and it demonstrated a reasonable stress-strain outcome within the PDL and bone for FEA intrusion simulation. The force acting on the tooth increased five times from the 0.016 × 0.022-inch TMA to the 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel. Conclusions The PDL is a nonhomogeneous tissue in which the modulus changed in relation to location. PDL nonlinear constitutive model estimated quantitative force vectors for the first time to compare intrusive tooth movement in 3-D space in response to various rectangular archwires.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical characterization of the periodontal ligament: Orthodontic tooth movement

Uhlir

Virginia

Lin

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…These methods implemented the simulation of appliance loading by applying constant force or displacement loads to the appliance to activate the appliance and were mainly employed to simulate orthodontic force induced by specific functional appliances including uprighting spring, power arm, and appliance in sliding mechanics and so on. There was also work trying to simulate the orthodontic force provided by the general archwire . However, this work only involved the loading of the archwire section on partial teeth, and the loading of the archwire section was also implemented by applying constant displacement loads to a segment of the archwire.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of orthodontic force of archwire applied to full dentition using virtual bracket displacement method

Zhang

Gan

Zhao

et al. 2019

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Objective Orthodontic force simulation of tooth provides important guidance for clinical orthodontic treatment. However, previous studies did not involve the simulation of orthodontic force of archwire applied to full dentition. This study aimed to develop a method to simulate orthodontic force of tooth produced by loading a continuous archwire to full dentition using finite element method. Method A three‐dimensional tooth‐periodontal ligament‐bone complex model of mandible was reconstructed from computed tomography images, and models of brackets and archwire were built. The simulation was completed through two steps. First, node displacements of archwire before and after loading were estimated through moving virtual brackets to drive archwire deformation. Second, the obtained node displacements were loaded to implement the loading of archwire, and orthodontic force was calculated. An orthodontic force tester (OFT) was used to measure orthodontic force in vitro for the validation. Results After the simulation convergence, archwire was successfully loaded to brackets, and orthodontic force of teeth was obtained. Compared with the measured orthodontic force using the OFT, the absolute difference of the simulation results ranged from 0.5 to 22.7 cN for force component and ranged from 2.2 to 80.0 cN•mm for moment component, respectively. The relative difference of the simulation results ranged from 2.5% to 11.0% for force component, and ranged from 0.6% to 14.7% for moment component, respectively. Conclusions The developed orthodontic force simulation method based on virtual bracket displacement can be used to simulate orthodontic force provided by the archwire applied to full dentition.

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“…In particular, the finite element method represents a flexible cost‐ and time‐saving solution to analyze orthodontic features and to optimize their design. Finite element analyses have been used to asses stress distributions in periodontal ligaments (PDL) and alveolar bones, to predict tooth displacements, and to optimize the design of brackets and archwires . However, in scientific literature, very few attempts have been made to study tooth‐aligner interactions by finite element models, and no documentation exists on the study of orthodontic auxiliary elements by exploiting numerical analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational design and engineering of polymeric orthodontic aligners

Barone

Paoli

Razionale

et al. 2016

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Transparent and removable aligners represent an effective solution to correct various orthodontic malocclusions through minimally invasive procedures. An aligner-based treatment requires patients to sequentially wear dentition-mating shells obtained by thermoforming polymeric disks on reference dental models. An aligner is shaped introducing a geometrical mismatch with respect to the actual tooth positions to induce a loading system, which moves the target teeth toward the correct positions. The common practice is based on selecting the aligner features (material, thickness, and auxiliary elements) by only considering clinician's subjective assessments. In this article, a computational design and engineering methodology has been developed to reconstruct anatomical tissues, to model parametric aligner shapes, to simulate orthodontic movements, and to enhance the aligner design. The proposed approach integrates computer-aided technologies, from tomographic imaging to optical scanning, from parametric modeling to finite element analyses, within a 3-dimensional digital framework. The anatomical modeling provides anatomies, including teeth (roots and crowns), jaw bones, and periodontal ligaments, which are the references for the down streaming parametric aligner shaping. The biomechanical interactions between anatomical models and aligner geometries are virtually reproduced using a finite element analysis software. The methodology allows numerical simulations of patient-specific conditions and the comparative analyses of different aligner configurations. In this article, the digital framework has been used to study the influence of various auxiliary elements on the loading system delivered to a maxillary and a mandibular central incisor during an orthodontic tipping movement. Numerical simulations have shown a high dependency of the orthodontic tooth movement on the auxiliary element configuration, which should then be accurately selected to maximize the aligner's effectiveness.

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A novel biomechanical model assessing continuous orthodontic archwire activation

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Biomechanical characterization of the periodontal ligament: Orthodontic tooth movement

Biomechanical characterization of the periodontal ligament: Orthodontic tooth movement

Simulation of orthodontic force of archwire applied to full dentition using virtual bracket displacement method

Computational design and engineering of polymeric orthodontic aligners

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