A novel, bioactive and antibacterial scaffold based on functionalized graphene oxide with lignin, silk fibroin and ZnO nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, a novel nanobiocomposite was synthesized using graphene oxide, lignin, silk fibroin and ZnO and used in biological fields. To synthesize this structure, after preparing graphene oxide by the Hummer method, lignin, silk fibroin, and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were added to it, respectively. Also, ZnO NPs with a particle size of about 18 nm to 33 nm was synthesized via Camellia sinensis extract by green methodology. The synthesized structure was examined as anti-biofilm agent and it was observed that the Graphene oxide-lignin/silk fibroin/ZnO nanobiocomposite has a significant ability to prevent the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm. In addition, due to the importance of the possibility of using this structure in biological environments, its toxicity and blood compatibility were also evaluated. According to the obtained results from MTT assay, the viability percentages of Hu02 cells treated with Graphene oxide-lignin/silk fibroin/ZnO nanobiocomposite after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation were 89.96%, 89.32%, and 91.28%. On the other hand, the hemolysis percentage of the synthesized structure after 24 h and 72 h of extraction was 9.5% and 11.76% respectively. As a result, the synthesized structure has a hemolysis percentage below 12% and its toxicity effect on Hu02 cells is below 9%.

A comprehensive review on the applications of carbon-based nanostructures in wound healing: from antibacterial aspects to cell growth stimulation

“…37 Nowadays, the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials can be controlled by using techniques such as functionalization and introduction of carbon nanomaterials in biocompatible composites. 17,40 The toxicity and effects of carbon nanomaterials on living systems can be evaluated from another point of view. Although carbon nanomaterials are clearly targeted at wound healing in a localized part of the body, there is still the possibility that they can enter the vasculature.…”

“…37 Nowadays, the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials can be controlled by using techniques such as functionalization and introduction of carbon nanomaterials in biocompatible composites. 17,40…”

“…Also, rGO is a reduced form of GO. 50 The extraordinary mechanical, 51 electrical and thermal properties, 52 aqueous processability, 53 amphiphilicity, 53 fluorescence quenching ability, 53 surface functionalizability, 53 surface-enhanced Raman scattering, 53 extreme chemical stability, 17 antibacterial activity, non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility 54 of these elements have attracted significant attention in applications such as solar cells, energy storage, catalysis, and medical uses 55 including the fabrication of wound dressings 28 (Fig. 2).…”

“…Therefore, the development of new antibacterial agents is still a hot research topic. 6,[17][18][19] Micro/ nanocarbon functional materials that can be used as carriers and antibacterial agents in the field of antibacterial dressings have attracted attention from medical staff and researchers. Because these micro/nanocarbons have many advantages including raw materials, low preparation cost, good mechanical stability, strong biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial activity.…”

Antiviral Properties against SARS-CoV-2 of Nanostructured ZnO Obtained by Green Combustion Synthesis and Coated in Waterborne Acrylic Coatings

“…As a result, methods for ensuring continuous antiviral protection of surfaces are needed to eliminate viruses shortly after contamination [ 3 ]. The study of nanostructured semiconductor-based composites aims to increase biological applications [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In this context, an alternative approach is to use nanostructured semiconductor-based coatings designed to provide a self-disinfection, inactivating or killing microbes long after the coating is applied [ 13 ]; CuO [ 5 , 7 ], TiO 2 [ 2 , 7 , 14 ], and ZnO [ 7 , 13 ] have been reported to inactivate SARS-CoV-2.…”