A Novel Bifunctional Addition-Fragmentation Agent for Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization

Yaǧcı, Yusuf; Yıldırım, Suat; Önen, Aysęn

doi:10.1002/1521-3935(20010201)202:4<527::aid-macp527>3.3.co;2-u

Cited by 5 publications

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“…The overall process is depicted in Scheme . A variety of mono- or biallyl sulfonium, phosphonium, and pyridinium salts have been investigated for the initiation of cationic polymerization using the addition–fragmentation technique. ,− …”

Section: Photoinitiation Of Chain Polymerization By Photoinduced Elec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses

2016

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Photochemical reactions, particularly those involving photoinduced electron transfer processes, establish a substantial contribution to the modern synthetic chemistry, and the polymer community has been increasingly interested in exploiting and developing novel photochemical strategies. These reactions are efficiently utilized in almost every aspect of macromolecular architecture synthesis, involving initiation, control of the reaction kinetics and molecular structures, functionalization, and decoration, etc. Merging with polymerization techniques, photochemistry has opened up new intriguing and powerful avenues for macromolecular synthesis. Construction of various polymers with incredibly complex structures and specific control over the chain topology, as well as providing the opportunity to manipulate the reaction course through spatiotemporal control, are one of the unique abilities of such photochemical reactions. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of the fundamentals and applications of photoinduced electron transfer reactions in polymer synthesis. Besides traditional photopolymerization methods, namely free radical and cationic polymerizations, step-growth polymerizations involving electron transfer processes are included. In addition, controlled radical polymerization and "Click Chemistry" methods have significantly evolved over the last few decades allowing access to narrow molecular weight distributions, efficient regulation of the molecular weight and the monomer sequence and incredibly complex architectures, and polymer modifications and surface patterning are covered. Potential applications including synthesis of block and graft copolymers, polymer-metal nanocomposites, various hybrid materials and bioconjugates, and sequence defined polymers through photoinduced electron transfer reactions are also investigated in detail.

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Section: Photoinitiation Of Chain Polymerization By Photoinduced Elec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses

2016

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“…33 This is because Gel‐10 does not contain citrate (or citric acid) which provides more hydrophilicity to the hydrogels and interacts relatively more with water. Moreover, although at different rates, both radicals generated from photolysis of the initiator participate34 in the initiation of polymerization and lead to the formation of highly cross‐linked network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Acrylamide Hydrogels Containing Silver Nanoparticles by Simultaneous Photoinduced Free Radical Polymerization and Electron Transfer Processes

Uygun

Kahveci

Demirkol

et al. 2009

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Ag‐nanoparticle‐containing hydrogels were successfully prepared by in situ reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of citrate molecules as stabilizing agent during photoinduced copolymerization of AAm and BAAm. Swelling‐deswelling behavior and thermal properties of the synthesized hydrogels were investigated. The interior morphology of the gels exhibit continuity, which is a common feature for hydrogel networks. Antimicrobial activities of the hydrogels were also investigated against pathogenic E. coli O157:H7, S. aureus, and non‐pathogenic E. coli K‐12, which are model microorganisms for testing bactericidal properties. The hydrogels containing well‐dispersed Ag NPs showed significant antibacterial activity.magnified image

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“…High temperature conditions or requirement of a metal catalysts which generally needs to be removed by various purification methods after the reaction is the only deterrent of the click method. On the other hand, photoinduced processes have the advantage of being applicable at low temperatures, especially at room temperature 26–28. Moreover, because of selective absorptions of certain groups (chromophores), it is possible to produce reactive sites at definite positions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of block and star copolymers by photoinduced radical coupling process

Temel

Aydoğan

Arsu

et al. 2009

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The general design for the synthesis of AB diblock, and A2B and AB2 star copolymers based on the statistical coupling of poly(styrene) (PSt) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) macromolecules containing photoreactive benzophenone is presented. For this purpose, mono‐ and bifunctional initiators for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) bearing benzophenone group were synthesized and characterized. End‐ and mid‐chain benzophenone functional PSt and PMMA with low molecular weights were obtained by ATRP using these initiators in the presence of CuBr/N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) catalytic complex. Poly(styrene‐block‐methyl methacrylate) (PSt‐b‐PMMA) copolymers were prepared by photolysis of the solutions containing end functional PSt and PMMA in THF at λ = 350 nm for 60 min in the presence of a hydrogen donor such as N‐methyldiethanolamine (NMDEA). The proposed mechanism assumes hydrogen abstraction of photoexcited benzophenone moiety by NMDEA. Ketyl radicals resulting from abstraction reaction undergo radical‐radical coupling to form benzpinacol structure at the core. Formation of A2B and AB2 type star copolymers upon irradiation of solutions containing appropriate combinations of end‐ and mid‐chain functional polymers was also demonstrated. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2938–2947, 2009

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A Novel Bifunctional Addition-Fragmentation Agent for Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses

Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses

Antibacterial Acrylamide Hydrogels Containing Silver Nanoparticles by Simultaneous Photoinduced Free Radical Polymerization and Electron Transfer Processes

Synthesis of block and star copolymers by photoinduced radical coupling process

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