A novel approach to sintering (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 multilayer ceramic capacitors with Ni electrodes

Novel BaTiO3-Based, Ag/Pd-Compatible Lead-Free Relaxors with Superior Energy Storage Performance

“…In the case of Bi-based or containing compounds, reaction with Ni is a well-known phenomenon, which is often accompanied by decomposition at the low p(O 2 ) required for co-firing with Ni internal electrodes. 66 , 67 The sintering of Bi-based compounds with pure Ag electrodes is also problematic and limited to co-firing at <850 °C because of melting of Ag. Even for systems which can co-fire at <850 °C, the reaction of Bi containing compounds with Ag is common depending on the thermodynamic stability of the Bi compound in the presence of Ag.…”

“…Most research into BT-based MLCCs with superior W rec utilize Pt as inner electrodes; however, the use of such expensive noble metal precludes their commercial exploitation in mass production applications. − ,, It is therefore, essential to evaluate compatibility of potential MLCCs dielectric layers against lower cost electrode systems such as Ni, Ag, or Ag–Pd. In the case of Bi-based or containing compounds, reaction with Ni is a well-known phenomenon, which is often accompanied by decomposition at the low p­(O 2 ) required for co-firing with Ni internal electrodes. , The sintering of Bi-based compounds with pure Ag electrodes is also problematic and limited to co-firing at <850 °C because of melting of Ag. Even for systems which can co-fire at <850 °C, the reaction of Bi containing compounds with Ag is common depending on the thermodynamic stability of the Bi compound in the presence of Ag.…”