A novel approach to recycling of glass fibers from nonmetal materials of waste printed circuit boards

Zheng, Yanhong; Shen, Zhigang; Ma, Shulin; Cai, Chao; Zhao, Xiaohu; Xing, Yufeng

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.065

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These concentrations are the empirical values that have been used in similar studies. 4,6,10 During the injection and compression molding process, all components were carefully dried at temperatures in the range of 100 -130°C for at least 4 hr to limit the processing-induced hydrolysis and to reduce internal voids caused by escaping water vapor. The resulting pellets were fed into a three-phase injection molding machine, model CJ80-E (injection pressure ϭ 120 MPa; mold temperature ϭ 170, 175, and 120°C) to produce ISO 527-2 dumbbell (GRE/PP composite board) specimens (length ϭ 151 mm, gauge length ϭ 50 mm, gauge width ϭ 10 mm, thickness ϭ 4 mm) and rectangular test bars (length ϭ 80 mm, width ϭ 12 mm, thickness ϭ 4 mm).…”

Section: Methods and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal process for recycling glassfiber-reinforced polyester waste through pyrolysis at 450°C resulted in the production of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen gas (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and hydrocarbon gases, along with pyrolysis oil, which has a high calorific value for use as fuels. 5,9 Zheng et al 10 reported on efforts to reclaim glass fiber from glass-fiber-reinforced composites by heating in a muffle furnace. Buggy et al 11 and Iwaya et al 12 have attempted to extract fiber by dissolving the polymeric fraction using various organic and inorganic solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Recycling of Comminuted Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Resin from Electronic Waste

Duan

Jia

2010

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The reuse of comminuted glass-fiber-reinforced resin with various granularities gathered from printed circuit manufacturing residues was investigated. As fillers, these residues were converted into polymeric composite board by an extrusion and injection process using polypropylene as a bonding agent. The mechanical properties of the reproduced composite board were examined by considering the effects of mass fraction and glass-fiber distribution. Interfacial-layer micrograph analysis of the composite material fracture surface was used to study the fiber reinforcement mechanism. Results showed that using comminuted glass-fiber-reinforced resin as a filler material greatly enhanced the performance properties of the composite board. Although the length and diameter of filler varied, these variations had no appreciable effect on the mechanical properties of the processed board. Maximum values of 48.30 MPa for flexural strength, 31.34 MPa for tensile strength, and 31.34 J/m for impact strength were achieved from a composite board containing mass fractions of 30, 10, and 20% glass-fiber-reinforced resin waste, respectively. It was found that the maximum amount of recyclate that could be added to a composite board was 30% of weight. Beyond these percentages, the materials blend became unmanageable and the mixture less amenable to impregnation with fiber. Presented studies indicated that comminuted glass-fiber-reinforced resin wastefilled polypropylene composites are promising candidates for structural applications where high stiffness and fracture resistance are required.

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Section: Methods and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recycling of Comminuted Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Resin from Electronic Waste

Duan

Jia

2010

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…In our previous studies [10], [11], NMF could be recycled as a filler in fiber-reinforced polymer to make products, e.g., artificial wall tile. Other studies also found that possible applications of NMF include construction materials, composite boards, sewer gates, heavy metal absorbers, activated carbon and sound absorbers [12]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental Impacts of Recycled Nonmetallic Fraction From Waste Printed Circuit Board

Kwonpongsagoon¹

2017

GEOMATE

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ABSTRACT:Recently in Thailand, the recycling process of waste printed circuit board (WPCB) has retained a large volume of nonmetallic fraction (NMF), which has entered the industrial waste stream and awaits an appropriate treatment to be suggested. The aim of this paper was to assess environmental impacts of the recycled nonmetallic fraction from waste printed circuit board in Thailand, using the ReCiPe midpoint assessment method of life cycle assessment approach. For this purpose, one of the glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) manufacturers in Thailand was selected to obtain data for NMF waste and the production of two new recycled NMF products. The environmental impacts of two new recycled NMF products compared with traditional GFRP product, and two recycled NMF products compared with conventional waste disposal methods by means of landfilling and incineration were considered. The result showed that the potential environmental impacts were in the damage categories of climate change, human toxicity, marine ecotoxicity, and fossil depletion. For overall comparison, the recycled NMF as a modified GFRP product (recycled product 1) showed the worst impacts to human toxicity, marine ecotoxicity, and fossil depletion categories compared with other methods because of the complex production technique and the chemical-based process. Moreover, the recycling of NMF as a new product (recycled product 2) is likely to be the most suitable waste management option in Thailand.

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“…The printed circuit board (PCB) is a basic component in electrical and electronic devices. A PCB contains approximately 30% metals and 70% non-metals [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The major economic driving force for recycling printed circuit board waste (PCBW) is the value of these metallic fractions, especially copper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NMF is usually disposed of, since it is not valuable and has no recycling potential [7][8]. NMF contains thermoset resin and fiber glass which, after blending with polyester resin, could establish a chemical bond and, after hardening, could be used as a substitute for materials with hardness and ductility properties [4,9]. Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) is one composite material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Composite Made From Non-Metallic Waste Printed Circuit Boards: Table-Top Product as a Practical Prototype

Kanchanapiya¹

2017

GEOMATE

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This study aims to develop practical products that can be produced from non-metallic fraction (NMF) -a non-valuable waste from the copper recovery process of printed circuit board waste (PCBW) as a reinforcing material in glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) furniture products. A table-top product was selected as the practical prototype. The results show that the new composite, called "NMF composite" can be used to replace the plywood layer or the glass fiber layer in table-top prototypes. The production process and physical properties of the new product, including weight changes, deflection and shrinkage, were studied. The advantage of the practical prototype production over the traditional GFRP production is that the processing time can be improved up to 32% because of no hand lay-up process involved. From the economic analysis and an environmental viewpoint, to promote the recycling of NMF as the filler material in FRP furniture product, government subsidy is necessary to motivate manufacturers to initiate the new product.

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A novel approach to recycling of glass fibers from nonmetal materials of waste printed circuit boards

Cited by 90 publications

References 21 publications

The Recycling of Comminuted Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Resin from Electronic Waste

The Recycling of Comminuted Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Resin from Electronic Waste

Environmental Impacts of Recycled Nonmetallic Fraction From Waste Printed Circuit Board

A New Composite Made From Non-Metallic Waste Printed Circuit Boards: Table-Top Product as a Practical Prototype

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