A Novel Approach to Grass–Legume Management

Solomon, Juan K. Q.; Macoon, Bisoondat; Lang, David J.; Parish, Jane A.; Vann, R. C.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0598

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Moreover, considering that in this type of pasture A. pintoi is overlapped by the leaves of elephant grass, future work should be conducted to test spatial distributions that facilitate the legume grazing. This proposition is in accordance with a recent paper published by Solomon et al (2011), which suggest that spatially separated monoculture of grasses and legumes within the same paddock may be an option to enhance adoption of legumes in temperate pastures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Steers performance in dwarf elephant grass pastures alone or mixed with Arachis pintoi

Crestani

Filho

Miguel

et al. 2013

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The inclusion of legumes in pasture reduces the need for mineral nitrogen applications and the pollution of groundwater; however, the agronomic and animal husbandry advantages with tropical legumes are still little known. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of the use of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi cv. Amarillo) in dwarf elephant grass pastures (Pennisetum purpureum cv. BRS Kurumi) on forage intake and animal performance. The experimental treatments were dwarf elephant grass fertilized with 200 kg N/ha, and dwarf elephant grass mixed with forage peanut without mineral fertilizers. The animals used for the experiment were 12 Charolais steers (body weight (BW) = 288 ± 5.2 kg) divided into four lots (two per treatment). Pastures were managed under intermittent stocking with an herbage allowance of 5.4 kg dry matter of green leaves/100 kg BW. Dry matter intake (mean = 2.44 % BW), the average daily gain (mean = 0.76 kg), and the stocking rate (mean = 3.8 AU/ha) were similar between the studied pastures, but decreased drastically in last grazing cycle with the same herbage allowance. The presence of peanut in dwarf elephant grass pastures was enough to sustain the stocking rate, but did not allow increasing forage intake and animal performance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Steers performance in dwarf elephant grass pastures alone or mixed with Arachis pintoi

Crestani

Filho

Miguel

et al. 2013

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…E-mail: joanna.sharp@plantandfood.co.nz Champion et al, 2004). Furthermore, several studies with sheep, cows and beef have shown livestock production per head is greater when stock graze spatially separated swards than when they graze mixed swards Rutter et al, 2003;Solomon et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the spatial scale of grass–legume mixtures on sheep grazing behaviour, preference and intake, and subsequent effects on pasture

Sharp

Edwards

Jeger

2012

Animal

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The benefits of using white clover in pastures have been widely recognised for many years. However, clover is perceived as being unreliable because of its typically low content, which is spatially and temporally variable, in mixed pastures. One proposed solution to increase the proportion of clover in the diet of grazing animals and composition in the pasture is to spatially separate clover from grass within the same field. In a field experiment ryegrass and white clover were grown in fine mixtures, and in pure alternating strips of ryegrass and clover of 1.5 m, 3 m or 18 m width within a field. Pastures were grazed for two grazing periods of 9 and 12 weeks, and measurements of sward surface height (SSH), herbage mass and composition and clover morphology were taken. Grazing behaviour was also observed. Results showed that spatial separation in the long term, when compared with a fine mixture, increased clover availability (18% to 30%v.9%, based on standing dry matter) and was not grazed to extinction. Ewes maintained their preference for clover throughout the experiment (selection coefficient 2 to 5), which resulted in a reduction in the SSH of clover in monocultures to <3 cm and significant changes to the morphology of clover (smaller leaves, shorter petioles and thicker stolon), at the expense of maximising their intake. Spatial separation in the short term may therefore allow grazing animals to select their preferred diet; however, in the long term in continuously grazed pasture, their preference for clover depletes its availability.

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“…However, the growth distributions for these clovers differed, with red clover having a high proportion at the beginning of the 3‐yr study and decreasing as time progressed, whereas white clover had a low proportion at the beginning and increased as the study progressed. Solomon et al (2011) observed white clover proportion in a mixture with annual ryegrass of 230 and 130 g kg −1 at high (6 heads ha −1 ) and low (3 heads ha −1 ) stocking densities, respectively, under continuous stocking. Clover proportion in the current study was generally less than reported in these studies, which may reflect the use of perennial or biennial clovers in the northern regions of the United States or Canada, where weather conditions are more conducive to clover production (Deak et al, 2007; Kunelius and Narasimhalu, 1983; Sanderson et al, 2005; Solomon et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Delivery Method and Monensin Effects on Productivity, Nutritive Value, and Botanical Composition of Grazed Annual Ryegrass Pasture

Gunter

Mullenix

Burdette³

et al. 2019

Crop Science

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Nitrogen fertilization is a major input cost of forage production, and alternatives that maintain yield and nutritive value would be advantageous. A 3‐yr study was conducted to evaluate forage nutritive value and clover proportion when N fertilizer was replaced partially with interseeded clovers (Trifolium spp.) or protein supplements for stocker cattle grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Nitrogen delivery methods with or without monensin included annual ryegrass fertilized with 112 kg N ha−1 in split application (NFERT), and other methods that received 56 kg N ha−1, including annual ryegrass interseeded with crimson clover (CC, Trifolium incarnatum L.) or arrowleaf clover (AC, Trifolium vesiculosum Savi), or grazing cattle supplemented with distillers dried grains plus solubles at a rate of 0.65% body weight daily (DDGS) or whole cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at the rate of 0.65% body weight daily (WCS). Clover proportion was greater (P = 0.003) for CC than AC across all 3 yr of the study, and CC was more (P = 0.003) abundant when monensin was fed. Year affected forage in vitro true digestibility (IVTD, P < 0.001) and crude protein (CP, P < 0.001) concentration such that IVTD and CP were greatest in Year 3, intermediate in Year 2, and least in Year 1. Forage degradable intake protein (DIP) concentration was affected by N delivery method (P < 0.001) and year (P < 0.001) such that CC was less than NFERT, DDGS, WCS, and AC, and Year 1 was greatest, Year 2 was intermediate, and Year 3 was the least. Results are interpreted to mean that year affected forage nutritive value more than did N delivery method.

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A Novel Approach to Grass–Legume Management

Abstract: A 2-yr grazing study quantified pasture and animal responses of four forage systems (FS) grazed at two stocking rates (SR; 3 or 6 animals ha -1 ). Using "Marshall"annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and "Durana" white clover (Trifolium repens

Cited by 17 publications

References 90 publications

Steers performance in dwarf elephant grass pastures alone or mixed with Arachis pintoi

Steers performance in dwarf elephant grass pastures alone or mixed with Arachis pintoi

Impact of the spatial scale of grass–legume mixtures on sheep grazing behaviour, preference and intake, and subsequent effects on pasture

Nitrogen Delivery Method and Monensin Effects on Productivity, Nutritive Value, and Botanical Composition of Grazed Annual Ryegrass Pasture

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