A novel approach to 3D modelling ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data – A case study of a cemetery and applications for criminal investigation

Kelly, Trevor Brian; Angel, M.N.; O’Connor, Darragh E.; Huff, C.C.; Morris, L.; Wach, Grant D.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110882

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Furthermore, various studies address the issue of managing large datasets and their interpretation by exploring possible procedures to identify and model archaeological features from GPR data [14][15][16][17][18]. Other significant experiences integrated GPR and resistivity data, both having a three-dimensional nature, to obtain a 3D visualization [19][20][21]. Nevertheless, these operations are mainly done by tools that, on the one side, cannot be integrated into a GIS environment, and, on the other, are often proprietary software.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Newly Developed Tool for the Post-Processing of GPR Time-Slices in A GIS Environment

2022

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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a precious and reliable research tool broadly used in archaeology because of its capacity to produce three-dimensional data about features preserved underground, such as buildings, infrastructures, and burials, as well as building rubble. GPR data (time-slices) management and exploitation in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is mostly limited to the visualization and the manual interpretation and mapping of separate single time-slices. This study presents a newly developed plug-in designed to automatically post-process GPR time-slices in a GIS environment, to identify anomalies, and to produce a synchronic view of them. This map product, when combined with a DTM, results in a 2D map of subsurface anomalies which shows the absolute height of features above sea level, thus offering a comprehensive view of the three-dimensional configuration of the subsurface features identified. The paper illustrates the pixel-based processing chain of the plug-in and the results of the tests carried out in the case study of the Roman town of Falerii Novi (Italy), on the basis of high-resolution open access GPR data recently collected by the University of Cambridge and Ghent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Newly Developed Tool for the Post-Processing of GPR Time-Slices in A GIS Environment

2022

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“…Of these, two eastwest profiles and two north-south profiles in the 20 m × 11 m grid showed an anomaly at the western side of this grid. Such a mixed approach, comprising grids for 3D analysis and 2D profiling is entirely standard and widely published in geophysics and forensic science journals [7,8]. The work published here is not a discussion of geophysics or GPR acquisition, so the reader is referred to publications cited above ( [7,8], and references therein).…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a mixed approach, comprising grids for 3D analysis and 2D profiling is entirely standard and widely published in geophysics and forensic science journals [7, 8]. The work published here is not a discussion of geophysics or GPR acquisition, so the reader is referred to publications cited above ([7, 8], and references therein). Seven profiles in this grid and in the 4 m × 4 m grid to its east (Figure 3B) showed insubstantial, if persistent anomalies that were consistent with drainage utilities, taking water from the raised roadway to the south, northward.…”

Section: Peri‐urban Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoforensic search to crime scene: Remote sensing, geophysics, and dogs

Ruffell

Rocke

Powell

2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Forensic geology (Geoforensics) comprises a niche area of forensic science, traditionally based on the trace evidence analysis of soils and sediments [1]. Since 2003 [2], this subdiscipline has developed into Geoscience applications in: (i) the Search, (ii) the (crime) Scene, and (iii) the Sample (trace evidence: see [3]), along with related investigations like mining fraud [3], engineering [2, 3], and environmental crime [3]. The tripartite division of Search, Scene, and Sample is helpful, yet how Search and Scene link is not always obvious: specifically, what information is needed to proceed from the noninvasive, wide-area Search to crime Scene excavation stage. This work examines such a transition in scale, prompted by our casework experience, where a well-planned search focuses on a target that remains still too large or ambiguous to excavate as a crime scene. Confessions, eye-witness accounts, data on possible offenders ("intelligence"), use of the Geoforensic Search Strategy [4]-together or alone-may lead to a general area, such as part of a landscape (a valley, an area of specific ground, and a building), but not specific enough to investigate directly. Such descriptions

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“…These forensic contexts are highly problematic and challenging for investigators, due to the great uncertainty related to the circumstances surrounding the event and the related expenses in terms of human resource, features which typically result in a low success rate. The adoption of GPR has made it possible to search large areas in minutes, providing accurate information on soil disturbance and modification without altering the site, and allowing the data to be visualized in real time to offer immediate evidence and feedback to the operator [155,156].…”

Section: Gpr Applications In Forensic and Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From Its Core to the Niche: Insights from GPR Applications

2022

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Thanks to its non-destructive, high-resolution imaging possibilities and its sensitivity to both conductive and dielectric subsurface structures, Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) has become a widely recognized near-surface geophysical tool, routinely adopted in a wide variety of disciplines. Since its first development almost 100 years ago, the domain in which the methodology has been successfully deployed has significantly expanded from ice sounding and environmental studies to precision agriculture and infrastructure monitoring. While such expansion has been clearly supported by the evolution of technology and electronics, the operating principles have always secured GPR a predominant position among alternative inspection approaches. The aim of this contribution is to provide a large-scale survey of the current areas where GPR has emerged as a valuable prospection methodology, highlighting the reasons for such prominence and, at the same time, to suggest where and how it could be enhanced even more.

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A novel approach to 3D modelling ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data – A case study of a cemetery and applications for criminal investigation

Cited by 21 publications

References 68 publications

A Newly Developed Tool for the Post-Processing of GPR Time-Slices in A GIS Environment

A Newly Developed Tool for the Post-Processing of GPR Time-Slices in A GIS Environment

Geoforensic search to crime scene: Remote sensing, geophysics, and dogs

From Its Core to the Niche: Insights from GPR Applications

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