A novel approach for quantification of retinal vessel tortuosity based on principal component analysis

Abstract

Tortuosity is one of the first manifestations of many retinal diseases such as those due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), hypertension, stroke, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. An automatic evaluation and quantification of retinal vessel tortuosity would help in the early detection of such retinopathies and other systemic diseases. This paper proposes a new approach based on principal component analysis (peA), for the evaluation of tortuosity in vessels extracted from digital fundus images. One of the strength of the proposed algorithm is that the index is independent of translation, rotation and scaling.Measures are adopted such that the proposed approach matches with the clinical concept of tortuosity.The algorithm is compared with other available tortuosity measures. We have demonstrated its validity as an indicator of changes in morphology using simulated shapes. It is superior to other putative indices, presented previously in literature.

A novel approach for quantification of retinal vessel tortuosity using quadratic polynomial decomposition

“…V. ABSTRACT PROPERTIES Since, tortuosity of vessels is graded qualitatively by opthalmologists based on their clinical judgement,it is not possible to come up with a set of sufficient conditions for a good tortuosity measure. However, related works such as [1], [5], and [9] have discussed some intuitive features that may act as necessary conditions for any clinically meaningful tortuosity measure.…”

Recent Techniques and Trends for Retinal Blood Vessel Extraction and Tortuosity Evaluation: A Comprehensive Review

“…Prompt analysis allows physicians to make early diagnoses, evaluate disease, suggest appropriate treatment, and monitor disease progression [4,5,6,7]. Monitored diseases include diabetic retinopathy [5,8,9] and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) [10,11], while atherosclerotic retinopathy [12], haemorrhages [12,13], age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [14], glaucoma [15,16,17] and hypertension [15,17] are also diagnosed in databases. Table IV clearly lists the databases used with established diagnoses.…”

“…It is one of the indicators of manifested eye disease. Blood vessel (vascular) tortuosity is associated with diabetic retinopathy, which affects people with diabetes mellitus or retinopathy of prematurity, a disease that affects premature infants [5,10,11]. This disease occurs due to the abnormal development of blood vessels.…”

Implementation of Stochastic Approach for Vessel and Ridge Studies in Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening

“…An early detection of retinopathies requires automatic evaluation and quantification of retinal vessel tortuosity. Tudor et al 13 proposed an approach based on principal component analysis (PCA), for evaluation of tortuosity in vessels extracted from digital fundus images. Further, numerical integration method (NIM) and numerical differentiation method (NDM) were implemented for automatic tortuosity evaluation.…”