A Novel Approach for Centralized 3D Radio Resource Allocation and Scheduling in Dense HetNets for 5G Control-/User-plane Separation Architectures

Abstract

Abstract.This paper presents a centralized 3-dimensional radio resources (namely, time, frequency, and power) allocation and scheduling approach for control-plane and user-plane (C-/U-plane) separation architectures for fifth generation mobile networks. A central station is considered where schedulers of all base stations (BSs) are located. We consider a multi-tier network that comprises of a macrocell BS (MCBS), several outdoor picocell BSs, and a number of indoor femtocell BSs (FCBSs) deployed in a number of multi-storage buildings. The system bandwidth is reused in FCBSs within each building orthogonally. In contrast to the conventional almost blank subframe, we consider a fully blank subframe based time-domain enhanced intercell interference coordination to split completely C-/U-plane traffic such that the controlplane can be served only by the MCBS and the user-plane of user equipments by their respective BSs. We propose two power management schemes for FCBSs based on whether or not the coordinated multi-point communication with joint transmission (JT CoMP) is employed during off-state of a FCBS and develop a power control mechanism for both a single user and multi-user per FCBS scenarios. An optimal value of average activation factor (OAF) for a FCBS is derived to trade-off its serving capacity and transmit power saving factor. It is shown that in order to improve the network capacity, a FCBS needs to operate at an average activation factor (AAF) greater than its OAF using JT CoMP to serve neighboring on-state FCBSs during its normal off-state, whereas at an AAF less than the OAF to improve the energy efficiency. With a system level simulation, we show that the capacity of a FCBS increases, whereas its power saving factor decreases linearly with an increase in its AAF because of serving increased traffic, and an OAF of 0.5 for the capacity scaling factor 2 1   and greater than 0.5 for 1   are found.

On Maximizing Energy and Spectral Efficiencies Using Small Cells in 5G and Beyond Networks

“…Note that the above expressions are valid for a single UE per SBS. For multiple UEs per SBS, the on-state and off-state probabilities can be found using the Birth-Death process [48], [50,51] as follows where U max denotes the maximum number of UEs per SBS [52]:…”

Enabling Technology and Proof-of-Concept Evaluation for RAN Architectural Migration toward 5G and Beyond Mobile Systems

“…The envisaged user demands, including high data rate, diverse service profile, and seamless quality of service (QoS) experienced between indoor and outdoor environments, for next-generation mobile networks (NGMN) (e.g., 5G and beyond mobile networks) cause to rethink whether or not to continue with the existing decentralized network architectures in 4G cellular that leads to scale small cell (SC) base stations (SCBSs) with the number of user equipments (UEs) and the traffic volume per unit area [18]. These cause to increase the network operational cost and generate severe inter-cell interference, for example, and necessitates considering centralized or cloud access network architectures.…”