A Novel Application of Egyptian Oil Shale as a Filler in the Production of Lithium Lubricating Grease

Al-Wakeel, Mohamed I.; El-Adly, R. A.

doi:10.1080/00908310490449270

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The chemical structure, viscosity and rheological properties of lubricating greases have a direct impact on their performance (Adhvaryu, Sung, & Erhan, 2005;Delgado, Valencia, Sanchez, Franco, & Gallegos, 2006;Leslie, 1998). The use of fatty acids from soapstock as a thickener for multigrade lubricating grease has been investigated by El-Adly (2000) and Al-Wakeel and El-Adly (2005). Soapstock is treated with alkali (saponification) to recover fatty acids prior to their addition to lubricating oil.…”

Section: Multigrade Lubricating Greasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization

Dumont

Narine

2007

Food Research International

128

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Section: Multigrade Lubricating Greasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The described method in which new greases are formed through addition of fatty acids obtained from soapstock is a cheap process. However, interest in developing this methodology has been limited to one group of researchers (Al-Wakeel & El-Adly, 2005).…”

Section: Multigrade Lubricating Greasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization

Dumont

Narine

2007

Food Research International

128

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“…This method is faster than Fischer assay and requires less sample material. Numbers in percentages of the initial bulk volume, porosity was taken as an isotropic property, that is, property that is independent of measurement direction, 3 Plane A is perpendicular to the bedding plane; plane B is parallel to the bedding plane, 4 Units in millidarcy.…”

Section: Modified Fischer Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They range from black, high viscous fluid to light colored, low viscous fluids. The density of oil is less than that of water so it's found above the underground water in any conventional reservoir by Al-Wakeel, and El-Adly (2005) [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Analysis of Oil Shale in Quseir-Safaga and Abu-Tartur Western Desert, Egypt

Moustafa¹,

Noah²,

Salem³

et al. 2014

JSEMAT

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Seeking ways to diminish Egypt's dependency on foreign oil imports, we had to look for the obvious resources to exploit. Oil shale is one of Egypt's resources that are left abandoned and not used. This project is aiming at introducing both experimental analysis for oil shale in Egypt and the best production technique for it. This study is about experimentally analyzing different samples of potential oil shale fields in Egypt. Samples that are analyzed in this project are from two locations in Egypt: Quseir-Safaga and Abu-Tartur Western Desert, and they are compared to one of the best oil shale fields in the world, which is from Green River Formation Colorado. The experiments were done using AUC lab retort to experimentally determine the critical temperature that will lead to the maximum production using sudden and gradual change in temperatures, which turned out to be sudden change at 500˚C. Thereafter, the degree of API gravity was calculated for each run. Then the oil samples were determined for impurities and liquid chromatography results in the Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Part two of the study plan has been included to determine the ultimate ways of producing efficiently, ecologically and economically.

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“…They have little commercial value and are sold at a fraction of the oil cost (Dumont and Narine, 2007). The use of fatty acids from soapstock as a thickener for multigrade lubricating grease has been investigated by El-Adly (2000) and Al-Wakeel and El-Adly (2005). Fatty acids are the major component of soapstock, after water has been extracted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleins as a source of estolides for biolubricant applications

García‐Zapateiro¹,

Delgado²,

Franco³

et al. 2010

Grasas y Aceites

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This study deals with the synthesis of estolides from high-oleic sunflower oil oleins, and its potential use as viscosity modifiers for biolubricant applications. Synthesis reactions were monitored for 24 h. Estolide molecular weight increased continuously with reaction time. Dynamic viscosities and densities of the different estolides were measured in a temperature range comprised between 10 and 120 °C. Maximum viscosities and estolide molecular weight were obtained after 12 h of reaction. However, the largest viscosity increments were observed within the first 3 hours of processing, due to a dramatic increase in the molecular weight of the estolides.<br><br>En este estudio se presenta la síntesis de estólidos a partir de oleinas de girasol alto-oleico y su utilización potencial como modificadores de la viscosidad en aplicaciones como biolubricantes. La reacción de síntesis se controló durante 24h. El peso molecular de los estólidos se incrementa durante todo el periodo de reacción. Las viscosidades dinámicas y densidades de los diferentes estólidos se midieron en un rango de temperatura entre 10 y 120 °C. El máximo de viscosidad y de peso molecular se alcanza al cabo de 12 horas de reacción, sin embargo, el incremento mayor de viscosidad se produce durante las 3 primeras horas de tratamiento debido al importante aumento del peso molecular del estólido

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A Novel Application of Egyptian Oil Shale as a Filler in the Production of Lithium Lubricating Grease

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization

Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization

Evaluation and Analysis of Oil Shale in Quseir-Safaga and Abu-Tartur Western Desert, Egypt

Oleins as a source of estolides for biolubricant applications

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