A novel antiamoebic agent against Acanthamoeba sp. — A causative agent for eye keratitis infection

Kusrini, Eny; Hashim, Fatimah; Azmi, Wan Nor Nadhirah Wan Noor; Amin, Nakisah Mat; Estuningtyas, Ari

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2015.09.021

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The early stage was inferred from phosphatidylserine externalization and chromatin condensation. Since this initial report we 20 , 21 and others 22 , 23 have reported a number of PCD inducing agents in Acanthamoeba . In these reports, authors have been able to distinguish between early PCD cells, late PCD cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Toxic effects of selected proprietary dry eye drops on Acanthamoeba

Sifaoui

Reyes-Batllé

López-Arencibia

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are ubiquitous protists that have been isolated from many sources such as soils, water and the air. They are responsible for infections including fatal encephalitis and a severe keratitis in humans. To date, there is no satisfactorily effective therapeutic agent against this pathogen and the infections it causes are exacerbated by the existence of a resistant cyst stage produced by this amoeba. As dry eye syndrome is a risk factor for Acanthamoeba keratitis, we aimed to evaluate the anti-Acanthamoeba activity of a variety of proprietary eye drops intended to treat dry eye syndrome. From the nine eye drop formulations tested, “Systane Ultra” was determined to be the most active against all tested Acanthamoeba strains. During our investigations into the mode of action of Systane Ultra, we discovered that it decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, induces chromatin condensation, and increases the permeability of the plasma-membrane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Toxic effects of selected proprietary dry eye drops on Acanthamoeba

Sifaoui

Reyes-Batllé

López-Arencibia

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In addition, the in vivo studies also used cells obtained from a numerous different species including mainly rat, fish, mouse and worm. Some few studies also investigated DNA damage in bacteria (Danevcic et al 2016), plant cells (Cetinkaya et al 2016;Faisal et al 2016;Lanier et al 2015), amoebae (Kusrini et al 2016) or hydra (Zeeshan et al 2016). Whereas in the in vitro studies, a wide range of cell types belonging to different organ systems (e.g., A549, HCT 116, HEPG2, MCF-7, MRC-5, BEAS-2B, CHO-K1, and HEK293) were used, the in vivo studies were mainly based on cells from the blood system (about 61 %) like erythrocytes obtained from, e.g., fish or lymphocytes from, e.g., humans.…”

Section: Current Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comet assay: an essential tool in toxicological research

2016

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The comet assay is a versatile, reliable, cost-efficient, and fast technique for detecting DNA damage and repair in any tissue. It is useable in almost any cell type and applicable to both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Instead of highlighting one of the numerous specific aspects of the comet assay, the present review aims at giving an overview about the evolution of this widely applicable method from the first description by Ostling and Johanson to the OECD Guideline 489 for the in vivo mammalian comet assay. In addition, methodical aspects and the influence of critical steps of the assay as well as the evaluation of results and improvements of the method are reviewed. Methodical aspects regarding oxidative DNA damage and repair are also addressed. An overview about the most recent works and relevant cutting-edge reviews based on the comet assay with special regard to, e.g., clinical applications, nanoparticles or environmental risk assessment concludes this review. Taken together, the presented overview raises expectations to further decades of successful applications and enhancements of this excellent method.

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“…Recently, the terbium trinitrate.trihydrate.18-crown ether-6, Tb(NO3)3(OH2)3. (18C6) complex has been reported as anti-amoebic agent (Kusrini et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-amoebic activity of acyclic and cyclic-samarium complexes on Acanthamoeba

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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This work investigated the anti-amoebic activity of two samarium (Sm) complexes, the acyclic complex [bis(picrato)(pentaethylene glycol)samarium(III)] picrate-referred to as [Sm(Pic)(EO5)](Pic)-and the cyclic complex [bis(picrato)(18-crown-6)samarium(III)] picrate-referred to as [Sm(Pic)(18C6)](Pic). Both Sm complexes caused morphological transformation of the protozoa Acanthamoeba from its native trophozoite form carrying a spine-like structure called acanthopodia, to round-shaped cells with loss of the acanthopodia structure, a trademark response to environmental stress. Further investigation, however, revealed that the two forms of the Sm complexes exerted unique cytotoxicity characteristics. Firstly, the IC of the acyclic complex (0.7 μg/mL) was ~ 10-fold lower than IC of the cyclic Sm complex (6.5 μg/mL). Secondly, treatment of the Acanthamoeba with the acyclic complex caused apoptosis of the treated cells, while the treatment with the cyclic complex caused necrosis evident by the leakage of the cell membrane. Both treatments induced DNA damage in Acanthamoeba. Finally, a molecular docking simulation revealed the potential capability of the acyclic complex to form hydrogen bonds with profilin-a membrane protein present in eukaryotes, including Acanthamoeba, that plays important roles in the formation and degradation of actin cytoskeleton. Not found for the cyclic complex, such potential interactions could be the underlying reason, at least in part, for the much higher cytotoxicity of the acyclic complex and also possibly, for the observed differences in the cytotoxicity traits. Nonetheless, with IC values of < 10 μg/mL, both the acyclic and cyclic Sm complexes feature a promising potential as cytotoxic agents to fight amoebic infections.

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A novel antiamoebic agent against Acanthamoeba sp. — A causative agent for eye keratitis infection

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Toxic effects of selected proprietary dry eye drops on Acanthamoeba

Toxic effects of selected proprietary dry eye drops on Acanthamoeba

Comet assay: an essential tool in toxicological research

Anti-amoebic activity of acyclic and cyclic-samarium complexes on Acanthamoeba

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