A Novel Anthraquinone‐Containing Poly(Triphenylamine) Derivative: Preparation and Electrochemical Performance as Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Organic and polymeric materials are excellent candidates for next generation advanced electrode materials. Therein, 2,6-Bis (4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-9,10-anthracenedione (BDAPA) functional monomer was synthesized through Suzuki coupling reaction, and a novel anthraquinone-containing poly(triphemylamine) polymer (PBDAPA) was then prepared by the simple oxidative polymerization. The obtained novel functional polymer presented a unique urchin-like morphology with outgrowth of hollow tubular spiny, which possesses the improved specific surface area of~129.6 m 2 g À 1 and the small average mesopore diameter of 1.78 nm. As cathode material, the obtained PBDAPA compared to polytriphenylamine (PTPA), demonstrated two obvious discharge plateaus, corresponding to the double charge-discharge characteristics from p-type triphenylamine and n-type anthraquinone segments in the polymer, respectively. Also, PBDAPA exhibited an improved specific capacity of 132.7 mAh g À 1 and an enhanced rate capability with the discharge specific capacities of 140.6, 124.3, 107.5 and 97.1 mAh g À 1 at the discharge rates of 20, 50, 100 and 200 mA g À 1 , respectively. The introduction of anthraquinone unit in polytriphenylamine as well as the resulted open pore morphology for PBDAPA was responsible to the improved electrochemical performances, which makes it a potential strategy for the design and preparation of high performance organic lithium-ion batteries.

Triphenylamine–anthraquinone based donor–acceptor conjugated microporous polymers for photocatalytic hydroxylation of phenylboronic acids

“…On the other hand, having a high theoretical specific capacity of 259 mA h g À1 and redox activity, anthraquinone containing D-A CMPs have been explored in lithium ion batteries. 17,18 So far, TPA and anthraquinone-containing D-A CMPs have been used in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water, 19 in the electro-chemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), 20 as a cathode material in lithium ion batteries, 21,22 in supercapacitors, 23 as well as in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. 24 Herein, we have synthesized two novel TPA-based D-A CMPs, namely PTPA-AQ and PTPA-AM (Scheme 1) via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction between tris(4-(4,4,5,5tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)amine (Monomer 1) as a donor moiety with 2,6-dibromoanthracene-9,10-dione (Monomer 2) and a modified 2,2 0 -(2,6-dibromoanthracene-9,10diylidene)dimalononitrile (Monomer 3) as acceptors (cf.…”

Electrochemical Preparation of Poly(N‐anthraquinoyl pyrrole) as High‐Performance Cathode Materials for Organic Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…This may be attributed to the loose structure and porous morphology of the e‐PAQPy as well as conductive polypyrrole backbone, which helps to promote electron transport and Li + ‐ion diffusion. [ 31 ]…”

“…This may be attributed to the loose structure and porous morphology of the e-PAQPy as well as conductive polypyrrole backbone, which helps to promote electron transport and Li þ -ion diffusion. [31] The galvanic charge/discharge curves and the corresponding capacity plots recorded at different current densities are presented in Figure 5. The specific capacities of the e-PAQPy are %196.2, 148.2, 103.6, 86.2, 80.3, 73.9, and 70.8 mAh g À1 at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 2, and 3 C, respectively.…”

“…[ 24 ] Thus, many efforts were devoted to further design novel anthraquinone‐based cathode materials by increasing π – π stacking, [ 20 ] oligomerization, [ 24 ] hybridization with insoluble materials, [ 25 ] salification, [ 26,27 ] and polymerization. [ 28–31 ] Among these strategies, the polymerization procedure demonstrated a promising application prospect. For example, the anthraquinone dimer and trimer can bring a specific capacity of ≈240 mAh g −1 and much better cycle stability than anthraquinone.…”

“…[ 24 ] The anthraquinone‐contained poly(triphemylamine) polymer (PBDAPA) displayed an improved specific capacity (132.7 mAh g −1 ) and cycle stability (≈23.5% of capacity loss after 100 cycles). [ 31 ] Shi et al designed 3‐anthraquinone substituted polythiophene (poly[3‐(2‐anthraquinone)‐2,5‐thiophene] using FeCl 3 as oxidant, which shows a high initial charge specific capacity (710 mAh g −1 ) and good capacity retention rate (≈71% after 100 cycles). [ 32 ] Furthermore, the 1,4‐bis(9,10‐anthraquinonyl)benzene (BAQB) exhibited an outstanding capacity retention capability and cycling stability (91.6% after 100 cycles).…”