Room-temperature storage and transportation of microorganisms maximize
the power of microorganisms in healthcare, energy, and environment.
Recently, paper-based biotechnologies have been developed to enable
room-temperature storage of a variety of nonliving biosystems such
as diagnostic devices and cell-free systems. Herein, room-temperature
storage of living microorganisms is realized by an electrospun nonwoven
paper containing convex region, which is composed of coiled microfibers
with dense distribution of microorganisms. Microorganisms are encapsulated
into the microfibers and remain intact after electrospinning. Poly(ethylene
oxide) is used as polymer matrix, and glycerol and dextran are used
as additives. When the contents of glycerol and dextran are optimized
as 5 and 0.4%, the room-temperature time is prolonged to 2 days, more
than 8 folds as compared with the control group. Upon demand, the
microorganisms can be activated by adding water and used for culturing
microorganisms directly. Furthermore, mechanisms which account for
microbial activity and storage are studied. Our microfiber-based strategy
is universal for the room-temperature storage of prokaryotic and eukaryotic
microorganisms in the solid formulation. Besides, our microorganism/polymer
complex structures represent novel living materials via a bottom-up
strategy, which are of great potential for new biomedical applications.