A novel analog implementation of capacitor charge balance controller with a practical extreme voltage detector

Jia, Liang; Wang, Dong; Liu, Yanfei; Sen, P.C.

doi:10.1109/apec.2011.5744604

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The algorithm discussed in [3] focuses on solving very significant ESR impact and improving accuracy of previous methods, in which ESR is negligible in the applications such as in [4], [8]- [11], and [19]. So in order to detect t 1 when the inductor current equals load current, a curve-fitting method is utilized to build an ideal capacitor voltage curve using three output voltage samples.…”

Section: Basis Of the Cbc Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. During the time intervals t 0 -t 2 and t 2 -t 3 , the capacitor current can be expressed as a linear function in (19) and (20), respectively…”

Section: B V-cbc Equation For a Buck Converter Undergoing A Loading mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different from the previous publications [4], [19], this paper presents the original idea from a bigger picture and covers the full derivations and benefits of the algorithm for the purpose of applied implementations. It focuses on 1) more detailed algorithm derivations by using output voltage curve analysis instead of geometrical charge/discharge calculation for both non-AVP and AVP applications; 2) more detailed design and implementation for both digital and analog domains including signal conditioning circuit design, t 0 , t 1 , t 2 , and t 3 detectors; and 3) advantages of two implementations are compared for different applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…And based on the same detector, a fully analog implementation is reported in [19] to present an analog integrated circuit solution for CBC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As one of the practical optimal control candidates, the capacitor charge balance concept was first introduced and implemented digitally in [5] for achieving minimum voltage variations and settling time. An analog implementation is presented in [19] to reduce the reaction time and improve the performance. Using field-programmable gate array (FPGA), extensive work has been conducted in designing digital charge balance control (CBC) controllers that further improves robustness [6], [8]- [12], [18], practical performance [6], [11], [12], and simplicity of the control system [6], [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage-Based Charge Balance Controller Suitable for Both Digital and Analog Implementations

Jia

Liu

2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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In this paper, a novel voltage-based charge balance control algorithm is presented, which is suitable for both digital and analog implementations for buck converter to achieve nearoptimal dynamic performance. First, this paper presents a new derivation of practical charge balance equations based on simplified differential equations. This deviation is applicable to both fast input voltage and load step transients. The final algorithm does not require complex calculations and accurate knowledge of the output filter LC parameter. Second, the proposed voltage-based charge balance controller does not require accurate current sensor or fast analog-to-digital converter. Instead, to detect the critical time instant when the inductor current equals the new load current, a practical extreme voltage detector is introduced to capture the output voltage peak/valley information. Third, this algorithm is simple to be implemented by either low-cost digital signal processing devices (such as microcontroller unit) or analog circuits. Both digital and analog experimental prototypes are built to verify the feasibility and advantages of the new method.Index Terms-Adaptive voltage positioning (AVP), capacitor charge balance controller, dc-dc buck converters, digital control, extreme voltage detector, fast transient performance, optimal control.

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Section: Basis Of the Cbc Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. During the time intervals t 0 -t 2 and t 2 -t 3 , the capacitor current can be expressed as a linear function in (19) and (20), respectively…”

Section: B V-cbc Equation For a Buck Converter Undergoing A Loading mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…And based on the same detector, a fully analog implementation is reported in [19] to present an analog integrated circuit solution for CBC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage-Based Charge Balance Controller Suitable for Both Digital and Analog Implementations

Jia

Liu

2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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References

2015

Digital Control of High‐Frequency Switched‐Mode Power Converters

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Auto‐tuning charge balance control for improving transient response on buck converter

Liu

Chen

Chang-Chien

2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Load transient and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) are commonly seen in the operation of the system processor. These two functions usually encounter large output voltage transient, which is hard to be quickly settled. Charge balance control is one of the prior choices that enables the converter to operate at its optimal charge/discharge slew rate so as to achieve fast transient response.The effectiveness of the optimal performance generally requires precise knowledge of the circuit parameters for charge balance computation. However, parameter drifting due to the manufacturing process may affect the performance, which is hard to implement a power integrated circuit (IC) for wide range applications. Different from the original approaches, this paper proposes an auto-tuning charge balance control (AT-CBC) to optimize load transient response and DVS of the buck converter. The auto-tuning mechanism can save the preknowledge of the output filter and avoid complex calculation in digital control. The function of AT-CBC is validated by a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) controlled buck converter. Experimental result shows that the output voltage can be settled within 3 μs for the 750-mA load step transient. For the 0.3-V DVS transient, the output voltage can be settled within 4 μs. K E Y W O R D Sauto-tuning, charge balance control (CBC), dynamic voltage scaling (DVS), digital control, DC-DC converter

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A novel analog implementation of capacitor charge balance controller with a practical extreme voltage detector

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Voltage-Based Charge Balance Controller Suitable for Both Digital and Analog Implementations

Voltage-Based Charge Balance Controller Suitable for Both Digital and Analog Implementations

References

Auto‐tuning charge balance control for improving transient response on buck converter

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