A novel analgesic toxin (hannalgesin) from the venom of king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah)

Pu, Xinzhu; Wong, Perer Tsun-Hon; Gopalakrishnakone, P.

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(95)00096-5

Cited by 100 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…One example from the recent literature is Hannalgesin, a long-chain neurotoxin isolated from the venom of the King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). This compound is 2700 times more powerful than morphine as an analgesic (Pu et al, 1995). It will be interesting to screen other venom toxins for neuropharmacological effects in the zebrafish system.…”

Section: The Zebrafish As a New Model Of Early-life Stress: Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish development and regeneration: new tools for biomedical research

Brittijn

Duivesteijn²,

Belmamoune³

et al. 2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

146

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Basic research in pattern formation is concerned with the generation of phenotypes and tissues. It can therefore lead to new tools for medical research. These include phenotypic screening assays, applications in tissue engineering, as well as general advances in biomedical knowledge. Our aim here is to discuss this emerging field with special reference to tools based on zebrafish developmental biology. We describe phenotypic screening assays being developed in our own and other labs. Our assays involve: (i) systemic or local administration of a test compound or drug to zebrafish in vivo; (ii) the subsequent detection or "readout" of a defined phenotypic change. A positive readout may result from binding of the test compound to a molecular target involved in a developmental pathway. We present preliminary data on assays for compounds that modulate skeletal patterning, bone turnover, immune responses, inflammation and early-life stress. The assays use live zebrafish embryos and larvae as well as adult fish undergoing caudal fin regeneration. We describe proof-of-concept studies on the localised targeting of compounds into regeneration blastemas using microcarriers. Zebrafish are cheaper to maintain than rodents, produce large numbers of transparent eggs, and some zebrafish assays could be scaled-up into medium and high throughput screens. However, advances in automation and imaging are required. Zebrafish cannot replace mammalian models in the drug development pipeline. Nevertheless, they can provide a cost-effective bridge between cell-based assays and mammalian whole-organism models. KEY WORDS: Danio rerio, zebrafish, high-throughput screening, high-content screeningThis article is part of a special journal issue on "Pattern Formation". In this context, it seems appropriate to ask: 'what benefits to society can come from research into pattern formation?' The answer depends on how "pattern formation" is defined. For our purposes, it includes developmental mechanisms that generate Int. J. Dev. Biol. 53: 835-850 (2009) doi: 10.1387/ijdb.082615sb One is the field of human congenital malformations (the pres-836 S. A. Brittijn et al. ence at birth of anatomical abnormalities). Good examples are human malformations of fingers and toes, some cases of which are linked to mutations in the Hox family of developmental patterning genes (Akarsu et al., 1996;Goodman et al., 1997;Goodman, 2002). Teratology -the study of agents that cause congenital malformations -can be seen as applied pattern formation research. Tissue engineering, a medical research discipline that aims to create replacement tissues for patients who have suffered injury or surgical removal of tissues, is another area where knowledge of pattern formation can be applied. To date, the commonest approach to tissue engineering is to culture autologous cells on a synthetic template (Silva and Mooney, 2004). In the future, however, it may be possible to promote pattern formation by these cells so that they generate selforganised tissues or structures ...

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Section: The Zebrafish As a New Model Of Early-life Stress: Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish development and regeneration: new tools for biomedical research

Brittijn

Duivesteijn²,

Belmamoune³

et al. 2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also oral utilization of hannalgesin caused the analgesic effects. It is unlikely that hannalgesin can be absorbed as a protein with a long chain of 72 amino acids [25]. Since it is susceptible to the actions of proteases, peptide fragments of hannalgesin could be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Absorption of Mesobuthus eupeus Scorpion Venom in Mice

Hosseini¹,

Khosravi²,

Ghorbanpoor³

et al. 2017

IJT

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“…For example, the a-neurotoxin hannalgesin from venom of the king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Pu et al, 1995) was the basis of a small peptide named prohanin (US Patent, 2003). Despite being based on the sequence of an aneurotoxin and, hence, of a nicotinic cholinoceptor antagonist, prohanin does not paralyse skeletal muscles, but appears to act as an analgesic via involvement of nitric oxide synthase and to be well absorbed sublingually (US Patent, 2003;US Patent Application, 2012).…”

Section: Still To Come?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxins and Drug Discovery

Cruz¹,

Luo²

2017

Toxinology

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Components from venoms have stimulated many drug discovery projects, with some notable successes. These are briefly reviewed, from captopril to ziconotide. However, there have been many more disappointments on the road from toxin discovery to approval of a new medicine. Drug discovery and development is an inherently risky business, and the main causes of failure during development programmes are outlined in order to highlight steps that might be taken to increase the chances of success with toxin-based drug discovery. These include having a clear focus on unmet therapeutic needs, concentrating on targets that are well-validated in terms of their relevance to the disease in question, making use of phenotypic screening rather than molecular-based assays, and working with development partners with the resources required for the long and expensive development process.

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A novel analgesic toxin (hannalgesin) from the venom of king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah)

Cited by 100 publications

References 10 publications

Zebrafish development and regeneration: new tools for biomedical research

Zebrafish development and regeneration: new tools for biomedical research

Oral Absorption of Mesobuthus eupeus Scorpion Venom in Mice

Toxins and Drug Discovery

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