A novel alternative splicing site of class A chitin synthase from the insect Ostrinia furnacalis – Gene organization, expression pattern and physiological significance

Qu, Mingli; Yang, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.09.001

Cited by 54 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Injection of ds ChS s at an amount from 200 to 3000 ng per individual caused larval lethality, impaired ecdysis, decreased adult fecundity and/or affected egg hatching in Orthopteran Locusta migratoria 17, 22, Hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus 23 and Nilaparvata lugens 45, Coleopteran T. castaneum 7, 8, 21, Lepidopteran Spodoptera exigua 19, Ostrinia furnacalis 14 and Bombyx mori 46, 47, and Dipteran Drosophila melanogaster 48, 49 and Bactrocera dorsalis 24. These data demonstrate that ChS s are the potential candidate genes for an RNAi-based pest control strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In L. migratoria , ds LmChSAa resulted in three different lethal phenotypes, i.e., translucent new cuticle, trouble shedding old cuticle, and stunted development, whereas ds LmChSAb only caused crumpled cuticle 17. In O. furnacalis , silencing of OfChSA-2a led to incomplete molting, while knockdown of OfChSA-2b only influenced the formation of head cuticle in the third-instar larvae 14.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RNA interference of chitin synthase genes inhibits chitin biosynthesis and affects larval performance in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

Shi

Chen

et al. 2016

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Dietary introduction of bacterially expressed double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has great potential for management of Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Identification of the most attractive candidate genes for RNA interference (RNAi) is the first step. In the present paper, three complete chitin synthase cDNA sequences (LdChSAa, LdChSAb and LdChSB) were cloned. LdChSAa and LdChSAb, two splicing variants of LdChSA gene, were highly expressed in ectodermally-derived epidermal cells forming epidermis, trachea, foregut and hindgut, whereas LdChSB was mainly transcribed in midgut cells. Feeding bacterially expressed dsChSA (derived from a common fragment of LdChSAa and LdChSAb), dsChSAa, dsChSAb and dsChSB in the second- and fourth-instar larvae specifically knocked down their target mRNAs. RNAi of LdChSAa+LdChSAb and LdChSAa lowered chitin contents in whole body and integument samples, and thinned tracheal taenidia. The resulting larvae failed to ecdyse, pupate, or emerge as adults. Comparably, knockdown of LdChSAb mainly affected pupal-adult molting. The LdChSAb RNAi pupae did not completely shed the old larval exuviae, which caused failure of adult emergence. In contrast, silencing of LdChSB significantly reduced foliage consumption, decreased chitin content in midgut sample, damaged midgut peritrophic matrix, and retarded larval growth. As a result, the development of the LdChSB RNAi hypomorphs was arrested. Our data reveal that these LdChSs are among the effective candidate genes for an RNAi-based control strategy against L. decemlineata.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA interference of chitin synthase genes inhibits chitin biosynthesis and affects larval performance in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

Shi

Chen

et al. 2016

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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“…In addition, a representative gene in chitin synthesis, OfChsA (Qu & Yang, 2011), and a representative gene in chitin degradation, OfChtI (Wu et al, 2013), were added as controls for comparison. The expression pattern of OfChtIII was similar to that of OfChsA, but differed significantly from that of OfChtI (Fig.…”

Section: Gene-expression Profile and Tissue Localization Of Ofchtiiimentioning

confidence: 99%

The deduced role of a chitinase containing two nonsynergistic catalytic domains

Liu

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2018

Acta Cryst Sect D Struct Biol

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The glycoside hydrolase family 18 chitinases degrade or alter chitin. Multiple catalytic domains in a glycoside hydrolase family 18 chitinase function synergistically during chitin degradation. Here, an insect group III chitinase from the agricultural pest Ostrinia furnacalis (OfChtIII) is revealed to be an arthropod-conserved chitinase that contains two nonsynergistic GH18 domains according to its catalytic properties. Both GH18 domains are active towards single-chained chitin substrates, but are inactive towards insoluble chitin substrates. The crystal structures of each unbound GH18 domain, as well as of GH18 domains complexed with hexa-N-acetyl-chitohexaose or penta-N-acetylchitopentaose, suggest that the two GH18 domains possess endo-specific activities. Physiological data indicated that the developmental stage-dependent gene-expression pattern of OfChtIII was the same as that of the chitin synthase OfChsA but significantly different from that of the chitinase OfChtI, which is indispensable for cuticular chitin degradation. Additionally, immunological staining indicated that OfChtIII was co-localized with OfChsA. Thus, OfChtIII is most likely to be involved in the chitin-synthesis pathway.

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“…The chitin biosynthesis pathway is crucially important for insect life; the pathway regulates the main component of the cuticle of most insects and the peritrophic membranes of arthropods [8–13]. The first enzyme involved in the chitin biosynthesis pathway is trehalase (Tre, TRE or Treh), which hydrolyses trehalose into glucose as a source of the substrate for hexokinase (HK), while the last enzyme in the pathway is chitin synthase (CHS), which consists of two classes, CHS1 and CHS2, in the majority of insects [14, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockdown of five trehalase genes using RNA interference regulates the gene expression of the chitin biosynthesis pathway in Tribolium castaneum

et al. 2016

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BackgroundRNA interference is a very effective approach for studies on gene function and may be an efficient method for controlling pests. Trehalase is a key gene in the chitin biosynthesis pathway in insects. Five trehalase genes have been cloned in Tribolium castaneum, though it is not known whether the detailed functions of these trehalases can be targeted for pest control.ResultsThe functions of all five trehalase genes were studied using RNAi, and the most important results showed that the expression of all 12 genes decreased significantly from 12 to 72 h compared with the control groups, except GP1 at 72 h, when the expression of the TcTre2 gene was suppressed. The results also revealed different abnormal phenotypes, and the observed mortality rates ranged from 17 to 42 %. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of TPS, GS, two GP, CHS1a and CHS1b genes decreased significantly, while that of the CHS2 gene decreased or increased after RNAi after the five trehalases were silenced at 48 h. In addition, TPS gene expression decreased from 12 to 72 h after dsTcTre injection.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that silencing of any individual trehalase gene, especially Tre1-4 and Tre2 gene can lead to moulting deformities and a high mortality rate through the regulation of gene expression in the chitin biosynthesis pathway and may be a potential approach for pest control in the future.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0297-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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A novel alternative splicing site of class A chitin synthase from the insect Ostrinia furnacalis – Gene organization, expression pattern and physiological significance

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

RNA interference of chitin synthase genes inhibits chitin biosynthesis and affects larval performance in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

RNA interference of chitin synthase genes inhibits chitin biosynthesis and affects larval performance in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

The deduced role of a chitinase containing two nonsynergistic catalytic domains

Knockdown of five trehalase genes using RNA interference regulates the gene expression of the chitin biosynthesis pathway in Tribolium castaneum

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