“…Referring to the studies of Avram et al [37], Deng et al [38], Xu et al [9], Huang et al [39], Deng et al [15], Benvenuto et al [40], and Ma and Zhu [41], this study uses household head variables (e.g., age and education level), family variables (e.g., the total area of cultivated land, family education and family assets), land variables (e.g., land ownership and land quality), and region variables (e.g., population density, distance, and geographical location) as control variables. The details of the control variables are listed in Table 1.…”