A Note on Water-Vapor Wind Tracking Using VAS Data on McIDAs

Stewart, Tod R.; Hayden, Christopher M.; Smith, William L.

doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1985)066<1111:anowvw>2.0.co;2

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Temperature retrievals were performed using the AERI methodology 24 . The results shown in figure 10 reveal very close agreement between the three independent observations, all three illustrating the low level inversion during the night-time hours (12-15 GMT) eroding rapidly after sunrise during the morning hours (15)(16)(17)(18) and becoming a strong lapse rate condition during the early afternoon hours (18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Absolute differences between the GIFTS temperature profiles and the AERI and Radiosonde profiles are not considered to be significant since the GIFTS radiance calibration did not include a correction for detector/readout system non-linearity.…”

Section: Gifts Engineering Demonstration Unit (Edu) Science Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Such a feature-tracking approach that employs imager and sounder radiance fields is now used operationally and has been shown to provide improved weather forecasts on both regional and global scales 15,16,17 . However, the current GOES application only provides water vapor tracked winds derived from three broad water vapor channels 18,3 , which limits the vertical resolution and accuracy of the wind product. More complete vertical profiles of wind velocity are needed to realize the full potential of satellite measurements to improve both regional scale intense weather forecasts and global scale synoptic weather predictions 2,19 .…”

Section: Gifts Science Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS): science applications

Smith

Revercomb

Zhou

et al. 2006

Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications

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A revolutionary satellite weather forecasting instrument, called the "GIFTS" which stands for the "Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer", was recently completed and successfully tested in a space chamber at the Utah State University's Space Dynamics Laboratory. The GIFTS was originally proposed by the NASA Langley Research Center, the University of Wisconsin, and the Utah State University and selected for flight demonstration as NASA's New Millennium Program (NMP) Earth Observing-3 (EO-3) mission, which was unfortunately cancelled in 2004. GIFTS is like a digital 3-d movie camera that, when mounted on a geostationary satellite, would provide from space a revolutionary four-dimensional view of the Earth's atmosphere. GIFTS will measure the distribution, change, and movement of atmospheric moisture, temperature, and certain pollutant gases, such as carbon monoxide and ozone. The observation of the convergence of invisible water vapor, and the change of atmospheric temperature, provides meteorologists with the observations needed to predict where, and when, severe thunderstorms, and possibly tornados, would occur, before they are visible on radar or in satellite cloud imagery. The ability of GIFTS to observe the motion of moisture and clouds at different altitudes enables atmospheric winds to be observed over vast, and otherwise data sparse, oceanic regions of the globe. These wind observations would provide the means to greatly improve the forecast of where tropical storms and hurricanes will move and where and when they will come ashore (i.e., their landfall position and time). GIFTS, if flown into geostationary orbit, would provide about 80,000 vertical profiles per minute, each one like a low vertical resolution (1-2km) weather balloon sounding, but with a spacing of 4 km. GIFTS is a revolutionary atmospheric sensing tool. A glimpse of the science measurement capabilities of GIFTS is provided through airborne measurements with the NPOESS Airborne Sounding Testbed -Interferometer (NAST-I).

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Section: Gifts Engineering Demonstration Unit (Edu) Science Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Gifts Science Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS): science applications

Smith

Revercomb

Zhou

et al. 2006

Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Remote Sensing Technology, Techniques, and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The root-mean square vector difference was approximately 9 m/s. Comparable differences have been reported in other comparisons of radiosonde and satellite winds (e.g., see Stewart et al, 1985).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A satellite‐based estimate of evapotranspiration over Amazonia

Martin

Schmit

Goodman

et al. 1994

Remote Sensing Reviews

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If rainfall, storage and flux divergence are known, evapotranspiration can be estimated as the residual in a budget of atmospheric moisture. We describe a new approach to moisture-budget estimates of Amazon evapotranspiration. Synoptic observations (and numerical model analyses from the U.S. National Meteorological Center) are combined with wind, humidity and rain information retrieved from radiances measured by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). Rainfall is inferred from the thermal infrared channel of the Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (VISSR). Humidity is retrieved from the VISSR Atmospheric Sounder (VAS). Winds are inferred from both VISSR and VAS images, using visible, thermal infrared and water vapor bands. Satellite and station or model information is merged by means of a recursive filter. The GOES-budget approach was tested over a three-day period from May 1987. Our estimate of evapotranspiration over the basin, 9 mm/d, is unrealistically large. A sensitivity analysis indicates that the largest part of the error originated in GOES cloud and water vapor winds and the next largest part in VAS humidity. We conclude that the approach failed in its first test. However, since the test was conducted researchers have found better algorithms for selecting cloud and water vapor targets and for assigning altitudes. In addition, simulations suggest that even in the absence of better algorithms the next generation of GOES will provide more accurate winds and humidity than the present generation. If it is supported by direct measurements of evapotranspiration, a second test of the approach might be successful. 179 Downloaded by [University of Cambridge] at 06:22 15 June 2016 180 D. W. MARTIN ET AL.

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“…Monitoring of cloud motions has a positive influence on synoptic-scale analyses and forecasts (Virji, 1981) but demands the use of automated methods of tracking (Endlich and Wolf, 1981;Tsuchiya and Downey, 1981). In cloud-free areas, winds can often be derived with useful accuracy from water vapor data (Stewart et al, 1985).…”

Section: Satellite Windsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentialities and problems of satellite remote sensing with special reference to arid and semiarid regions

Barrett

Hamilton

1986

Climatic Change

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Although satellite remote sensing of the atmosphere and Earth's surfaze has been pursued now for many years, it has not been applied widely in detailed or systematic investigations of the atmospheric and land surface climates of arid and semiarid regions. This paper briefly surveys characteristics of satellite systems that should be considered when evaluating the present and potential roles of satellite remote sensing in arid and semiarid zone research, and in studies of desertification. Actual and potential applications of satellite data in these research areas are then reviewed. It is concluded that satellite data available for arid and semiarid areas have been used in a very fragmentary and unsystematic manner. Proposals are made for exploiting more fully satellite data, especially in investigations of desertification.

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A Note on Water-Vapor Wind Tracking Using VAS Data on McIDAs

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS): science applications

Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS): science applications

A satellite‐based estimate of evapotranspiration over Amazonia

Potentialities and problems of satellite remote sensing with special reference to arid and semiarid regions

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