A Note on the Application of Article 234 of the Law of the Sea Convention in Light of Climate Change: Views from Russia

Дремлюга, Роман

doi:10.1080/00908320.2017.1290486

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…An obvious development measure is the establishment of a sea highway within the framework of the Northern Sea Route. 68 The development of the Northern Sea Route and the provision of shipping services in the Arctic is one of the sub-programs of the state program "Social and Economic Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation" 69 and the objective of various transportation strategies and road maps. 70 The Fundamentals of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the period up to 2035 defines the development of the Northern Sea Route as a main priority of the Russian Arctic policy.…”

Section: Russia's Development Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Russian and Canadian Climate Policy: Protecting Arctic Interests?

Doelle

Дремлюга

2022

Arctic Review

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The global human influence on the climate is growing at an alarming pace. This trend appears doomed to continue. Polar regions are feeling the effects first. This means that if the impacts of climate change serve to motivate effective policies, polar regions could be a good place to look for climate policy innovation. It is within this context that this article considers Arctic climate policy in Russia and Canada. The basic question posed is whether the unique and immediate threat climate change presents in the Arctic is reflected in progressive laws and policies with respect to four key areas: mitigation, adaptation, impacts and vulnerability, and development.

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Section: Russia's Development Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Russian and Canadian Climate Policy: Protecting Arctic Interests?

Doelle

Дремлюга

2022

Arctic Review

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“…If the thermohaline circulation in the Atlantic Ocean were to collapse (see Stocker, Knutti & Plattner, 2001), leading to sinking temperatures in Europe (Vellinga & Wood, 2008, p. 59), and if the sea ice cover in the Baltic Sea were to last for more than half of the year, Article 234 UNCLOS could become applicable in the future. In light of anthropogenic climate change, this scenario appears unlikely (on the question whether Article 234 UNCLOS will remain applicable to the parts of Canada's and Russia's EEZ where the norm applies today see Dremliuga, 2017). But even a norm that is not applicable directly can be relevant: Article 234 UNCLOS is a reminder that the seas, especially those in extreme climates, are in need of protection because human activities at sea have placed them at risk.…”

Section: Sea-ice Cover As a Legal Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Almost Arctic?: Protecting the Baltic marine environment through international law

Kirchner¹,

Dervovic²

2021

Strani pravni život

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The Baltic Sea, the heart of the Baltic region, is one of the most polluted seas worldwide. For the countries of the Baltic region, the relative importance of the Baltic Sea varies, but all coastal states of the Baltic Sea use the sea and influence it through their manifold activities. The protection of the Baltic Sea therefore is a shared concern for the coastal states. This shared concern has led to the emergence of a specific international legal régime governing the Baltic Sea. In this text, current threats to the Baltic Sea's natural environment and the international legal measures that are taken to protect the sea are described, in particular with a view to possible improvements. Particular emphasis will be placed on the northernmost part of the Baltic Sea, the sub-Arctic Bay of Bothnia that faces particular environmental challenges.

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“…Such laws need to be non-discriminatory and have due regard to navigational interests. While it is unclear if these powers will continue to apply if warming trends accelerate and the EEZ parts of the Arctic marine area are no longer covered by ice "most of the year", it appears that states will continue applying Article 234 to their Arctic marine area regardless of the ice cover (Dremliuga, 2017).…”

Section: Regulatory Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%