A note on phytotoxicity of homodestruxin B – a compound produced by Alternaria brassicae

Bains, P. S.; Tewari, J. P.; Ayer, William A.

doi:10.7202/706045ar

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Parada et al (2007) studied the host specificity of destruxin B and indicated its non-host specific nature supporting the result of Buchwaldt and Green (1992). Bains et al (1993) worked on the host specificity of homodestruxin B and observed the symptom of different severities in leaves of various non-host plants and suggested that homodestruxin B is non-host specific toxin. Host selective toxins are toxic only to the host plant, and have an important role in pathogenesis as primary determinants of virulence or pathogenicity.…”

Section: Toxins Of a Brassicae And A Brassicicolamentioning

confidence: 59%

Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassicas: A comprehensive review

Dharmendra¹,

Maurya²,

Yashwant³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Oilseed brassicas also known as rapeseed-mustard is an important group of oilseed crop in the world. These crops are susceptible to a number of diseases caused by biotic and mesobiotic pathogens. Among various diseases, Alternaria leaf blight also known as Alternaria dark spot is the most destructive disease of oilseed brassicas species in all the continents. This disease is known to be incited by Alternaria brassicae, Alternaria brassicicola and Alternaria raphani singly or by mixed infection. Alternaria leaf spot pathogens are necrotrophs and produces lesions surrounded by chlorotic areas on leaves, stems and siliquae causing reduction in the photosynthetic areas, defoliation, and early induction of senescence. Alternaria blight causes considerable reduction in quantity and quality of harvested brassica products. The Alternaria leaf blight pathogens are seedborne, soilborne and airborne. The pathogens are greatly influenced by weather with the highest disease incidence reported in wet seasons and in areas with relatively high rainfall. The concentration of conidia, age of the host plants, and wetness period on leaves also influence the severity of the disease. This paper reviews the research and development of Alternaria blight in the oilseed brassicas (rapeseed-mustard) during the past years in relation to pathogen taxonomy, biology, epidemiology, host pathogen interaction and management through chemicals, botanicals, biological, cultural, and biotechnological approaches. The paper also attempts to present future outlook and strategy for Alternaria blight of rapeseed-mustard research.

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Section: Toxins Of a Brassicae And A Brassicicolamentioning

confidence: 59%

Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassicas: A comprehensive review

Dharmendra¹,

Maurya²,

Yashwant³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…In a non-host plant, the dietary deficiency and the presence of antimicrobial compounds in the apoplast can also prevent the production of hyphae into mycelium [71]. The pathogen also generates non-host specific or general toxins that might damage plant cells, leading ultimately to necrosis [78][79][80]. To avoid this, a non-host plant may recognize these toxins and employ defense mechanisms to detoxify these toxins [81].…”

Section: Utilization Of Non-host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Genetics and Resistance of Alternaria Blight in Oilseed Brassica

Jyoti¹,

Sultana²,

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Brassica Breeding and Biotechnology

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Alternaria blight is one of the most deadly diseases of oilseed Brassica. This recalcitrant disease causes up to 50% yield loss across the globe. The disease is mainly caused by Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola. These pathogens lack sexual stages and survive as conidia or condiospores on the debris of previous crops and susceptible weeds. Developing resistant oilseed Brassica cultivars to this disease has become a prime concern for researchers over the years. In absence of resistant oilseed Brassica cultivar, identification and introgression of resistance related genes can be a potential source for Alternaria blight resistance. As resistance toward Alternaria blight is governed by polygenes, intercrossing between the tolerant genotypes and subsequent selection will be the most appropriate way to transfer the quantitative resistance. For that reason, future breeding goal should focus on screening of germplasms for selecting genotypes containing resistance genes and structural features that favors resistance, like thick epicuticular wax, biochemical components such as phenols, phytoalexins and lower soluble sugars, reducing sugars and soluble nitrogen. Selected genotypes should be brought under appropriate breeding programs for attaining Alternaria blight resistance.

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“…For example, A. brassicae fails to penetrate the cell wall in tomato and wheat plants, and callose-containing papilla formation is observed in the cell wall regions where the pathogen attempts to penetrate such plants(McRoberts & Lennard, 1996). The pathogen also produces nonhost-specific or general toxins that can damage the plant cells, which eventually leads to necrosis (Buchwaldt & Green, 1992; Bains, Tewari & Ayer, 1993; Parada et al, 2007). To avoid this, a nonhost plant may recognize these toxins and employ defense mechanisms to detoxify these toxins (Pedras et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the utilization of resistance mechanisms from host and nonhost plants for durable protection ofBrassicacrops against Alternaria blight

Fatima

Bhorali

Borah

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background Alternaria brassicae, the causal organism of Alternaria blight, is a necrotroph infecting crops of the Brassicaceae family at all growth stages. To circumvent this problem, several disease management strategies are being used in the field, and disease-resistant varieties have also been developed. However, no strategy has proven completely successful, owing to the high variability in virulence among A. brassicae isolates, which causes a diverse spectrum of symptoms. Nonhost resistance (NHR) is a robust and broad-spectrum defense mechanism available in plants, and the exploitation of gene pools from plant species that are nonhost to A. brassicae could serve as novel sources of resistance. Methodology We searched the literature using key words relevant to this study in various search engines, such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as certain journal websites. The literature was retrieved, sorted, and mined to extract data pertinent to the present review. Results In this review, we have comprehensively covered the recent progress made in developing Alternaria blight resistance in Brassica crops by exploiting host germplasm. We also enumerate the potential NHR sources available for A. brassicae and the NHR layers possibly operating against this pathogen. In addition, we propose different strategies for identifying NHR-related genes from nonhost plants and testing their relevance in imparting broad-spectrum resistance when transferred to host plants. Conclusion This review will help broaden the current knowledge base pertaining to the resistance sources available in host germplasm, the exploitation of NHR mechanisms, and their applications in protecting Brassica crops from Alternaria blight. The insights might also be applicable to a wider repertoire of plant pathogens.

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A note on phytotoxicity of homodestruxin B – a compound produced by Alternaria brassicae

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassicas: A comprehensive review

Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassicas: A comprehensive review

Epidemiology, Genetics and Resistance of Alternaria Blight in Oilseed Brassica

Perspectives on the utilization of resistance mechanisms from host and nonhost plants for durable protection ofBrassicacrops against Alternaria blight

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