A Note on Induced Convulsions in the Rat

The reorientation and maze behavior of the rat after noise-fright and electroshock convulsions.

“…The electrically-induced convulsion thus seems to produce longer lasting disorientation and a greater retardation of spontaneously initiated movement than does a NF attack. This is additional support for an earlier published observation (10) that the ordinary NF convulsive reaction is behaviorally much less severe than the generalized ES convulsion and that a NF convulsion can be induced by a lower electric tension than is necessary to produce a "full" convulsion.…”

The disorganizing effects of electro-convulsive shock on a light discrimination habit in albino rats.

“…The point of attachment, we hoped, would tend to direct the flow of current through the cerebral cortex primarily, rather than the cerebellum and lower brain stem. The convulsions were of the tonic-clonic (grand mal) type, resembling in essential details those described by earlier workers (1,2).…”

Symptoms of experimental catatonia in the audiogenic and electroshock reactions of rats.

“…The same relationship holds true for the catatonic phenomena evoked after experimental anoxemia (2). So, too, as indicated elsewhere by one of us (7) the audiogenic reaction, or the reaction of abnormal behavior with the "molding, plastic" features described by Maier and others, is characterized primarily by the behavior which we have here specifically related to the syndrome of experimental catatonia, but occasionally this noiseinduced reaction is marked by a convulsive phase with a well-defined tonic state and other features of a generalized or epileptic convulsion.…”