A note on ethical aspects of BCI

Haselager, Pim; Vlek, Rutger; Hill, Jeremy; Nijboer, Femke

doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2009.06.046

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For example, there are concerns about privacy, because information from people's brains could become publically available; about responsibility and personal identity, because people's decision-making capacities could be interfered with; about safety and security as well as responsibility and liability, because people could be harmed and because individuals could manipulate one another's brain-states; about informed consent, for example when using BNCI technologies with patients who suffer from locked in syndrome (for discussions of ethical aspects of B(N)CIs, cf. Tamburrini 2009, Haselager et al 2009, and Nijboer et al 2013.…”

Section: Bnci Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Art in Emotional-Moral Reflection on Risky and Controversial Technologies: the Case of BNCI

Roeser

Alfano

Nevejan

2018

Ethic Theory Moral Prac

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In this article, we explore the role that art can play in ethical reflection on risky and controversial technologies. New technologies often give rise to societal controversies about their potential risks and benefits. Over the last decades, social scientists, psychologists, and philosophers have criticized quantitative approaches to risk on the grounds that they oversimplify its societal and ethical implications. There is broad consensus amongst these scholars that stakeholders and their values and concerns should be included in decision-making about technological risks. It has also been argued that the emotional responses of people can shed important light on the ethical aspects of risk and uncertainty. However, people's emotions can be narrowly focused and biased. This article therefore assesses the role that technology-inspired artworks can play in overcoming such biases, by challenging our imagination and providing us with different perspectives on possible technological developments and their implications for society. Philosophers have not yet studied such artworks, so this constitutes an entirely new field of research for scholars of risk and moral theory. In particular, we focus on the case of BNCI (Brain/Neural Computer Interface) technologies and related artworks. These technologies and artworks touch on questions of what it means to be human, thereby raising profound ethical and philosophical challenges. We discuss the experiences of artists, scientists, and engineers who are directly involved with BNCI technologies, and who were interviewed during a Hackathon at Amsterdam's Waag Society in June 2016. Their views are analyzed in light of philosophical and aesthetic theories, which allows us to consider relevant ethical and conceptual issues as well as topics for further investigation.

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Section: Bnci Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Art in Emotional-Moral Reflection on Risky and Controversial Technologies: the Case of BNCI

Roeser

Alfano

Nevejan

2018

Ethic Theory Moral Prac

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“…At the same time, media attention has raised expectations of the potentially transformative and liberating potential of BCI for people with quadriplegia or who are in the advanced stages of progressive conditions such as ALS/MND, leading for calls for researchers to focus on developing better relationships with the media and fostering more accurate reporting of progress and prospects [22]. It is against this background it has been argued that that attention needs to be paid not only to the immediate concerns of researchers or participants as BCI systems are developed, but that their broader impact on decision-making on the part of patients and carers, together with longer-term quality-of-life issues, needs also to be considered [23].…”

Section: Ethical Issues and Bci Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BNCI systems as a potential assistive technology: ethical issues and participatory research in the BrainAble project

Carmichael

2013

Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology

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Purpose. This paper highlights aspects of the current state of research and thinking about ethical issues in relation to Brain Computer Interface (BCI) and Brain-Neuronal Computer Interfaces (BNCI) research through the experience of one particular project, BrainAble, which is exploring and developing the potential of these technologies to enable people with complex disabilities to control a computer. It describes how ethical practice has been developed both within the multidisciplinary research team and with participants.Results. The paper presents findings from the project in which participants shared their views of the project prototypes, of the potential of BCI/BNCI systems as an assistive technology, and of their other possible applications. This draws attention to the importance of ethical practice in projects where high expectations of technologies, and representations of 'ideal types' of disabled users may reinforce stereotypes or drown out participant 'voices'. Conclusions. Ethical frameworks for research and development in emergent areas such as BCI/BNCI systems should be based on broad notions of a 'duty of care' while being sufficiently flexible to allow researchers to adapt project procedures according to participant needs. They need to be frequently revisited, not only in the light of experience, but also to make sure that they reflect new research findings and ever more complex and powerful technologies. Implications for Rehabilitation• BCI/BNCI systems are not similar to existing switch-controlled or eye gaze systems. Users and those supporting them need to have their expectations carefully managed.• BCI/BNCI are emergent technologies and side effects of long term use are not well understood: this demands an ongoing concern to ensure duty of care and maintenance of a 'watching brief' regarding ethical issues.• Practitioners need to be particularly careful when introducing BCI/BNCI systems to be sensitive to the meanings that are attached to them and how they may convey prognosis.

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“…Thus, acquiring informed consent from locked-in patients may be rather difficult, and use of BCIs in individual cases may depend on the legal rules in the particular country (e.g. where possible, the consent of the family member may be useful) [18].…”

Section: Areas Of Particular Ethical Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a checklist of practical ethical issues for members of multidisciplinary BCI teams provided by Vlek et al [27] may be very useful. This way, shared moral responsibility within BCI teams may be directly addressed [18]. In our opinion, there is strong need to adapt the aforementioned checklist for medical staff purposes.…”

Section: Areas Of Particular Ethical Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical considerations in the use of brain-computer interfaces

Mikołajewska

Mikołajewski²

2013

Open Medicine

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AbstractNervous system disorders are among the most severe disorders. Significant breakthroughs in contemporary clinical practice may provide brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neuroprostheses (NPs). The aim of this article is to investigate the extent to which the ethical considerations in the clinical application of brain-computer interfaces and associated threats are being identified. Ethical considerations and implications may significantly influence further development of BCIs and NPs. Moreover, there is significant public interest in supervising this development. Awareness of BCIs’ and NPs’ threats and limitations allow for wise planning and management in further clinical practice, especially in the area of long-term neurorehabilitation and care.

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A note on ethical aspects of BCI

Cited by 65 publications

References 43 publications

The Role of Art in Emotional-Moral Reflection on Risky and Controversial Technologies: the Case of BNCI

The Role of Art in Emotional-Moral Reflection on Risky and Controversial Technologies: the Case of BNCI

BNCI systems as a potential assistive technology: ethical issues and participatory research in the BrainAble project

Ethical considerations in the use of brain-computer interfaces

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