A note on Dani Rodrik, “Populism and the economics of globalization”

The structural reshaping of globalization: Implications for strategic sectors, profiting from innovation, and the multinational enterprise

“…A BIFURCATED WORLD ORDER Many anticipated greater convergence of norms and values amongst nation states as globalization advanced. That expectation is no longer viable, and divergence among nation states, as to how the world economy should be shaped, is increasingly evident (Lundan, 2018;Ozawa, 2019;Witt, 2019). Scholars, executives and government officials alike, have been slow to realize the impact of these new, diverging prescriptions on how the world economy should be reshaped.…”

“…The U.S. intelligence agencies recently issued the warning that ''China's economic aggression now threatens … the global economy as a whole'' (White House Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy, 2018: 1). Few scholars have joined the call to study these developments more seriously as academic subject matter (e.g., Ozawa, 2019;Witt, 2019).…”

“…The erosion of the rule-of-law, with technological, geopolitical, and ideological shifts added, are multiplying uncertainties in the environment. Unpredictability of the global ecosystem's governance (Ozawa, 2019) is a manifestation of this uncertainty. 18 Complexity is different from instability (volatility) and unpredictability (uncertainty), and also results in part from interdependencies due to multifaceted webs of relations woven in the IB environment that are both vexing and hard to navigate.…”

“…The new IB environmental conditions are characterized by amplified VUCA. This in turn is causing disruptions at the supra-national, national (both home and host countries), sub-national, and inter-firm/network levels (Ozawa, 2019). It also creates cascading disruptions, rippling through the institutional, market, and firm membranes (Lundan, 2018).…”

Globalization, economic development, and corruption: A cross-lagged contingency perspective

“…This circulation of theories with conflicting assumptions and conclusions (e.g., corruption as sand vs. grease in the wheels of commerce), along with the ensuing mixed results from empirical tests, has led political leaders to face formidable obstacles in decision-making (Ugur, 2014 ) especially in predicting how globalization – defined here as the intensification of economic, political, social, and cultural relations across borders (Holm & Sorensen, 1995 : 1) – may uniquely impact their particular country’s economic development. This ambiguity has helped foment widespread political conflict encapsulated in recent populist movements (Hoekman & Nelson, 2018 ; Ozawa, 2019 ; Rodrik, 2018 ). As such, the question “Does globalization increase a country’s wealth?” remains high on the international research agenda (Bryant & Javalgi, 2016 ; Judge, McNatt, & Xu, 2011 ; Koning et al, 2018 ).…”