A Note on Combining Ability for Sensory Quality of Peanut

Abstract

The objective of this study was to empirically estimate the combining abilities of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines for sensory quality and to compare those combining abilities with best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of breeding value and with mean performance of the parents as lines per se. Eleven cultivars and breeding lines were chosen for use as parents of a half-diallel cross, nine on the basis of BLUPs of breeding value for the roasted peanut, sweet, and bitter sensory attributes. Bulk F 4 populations from 33 crosses were grown in a replicated field trial at Lewiston, NC in 2004. An SMK sample from each plot was roasted, ground to paste, and evaluated by an eight-member, trained sensory panel. There was significant variation among test entries, among crosses, and among general combining abilities (GCAs) for intensity of the roasted peanut and sweet sensory attributes, but not for bitter. UF714021, a component of the Altika cultivar, was the best parent for improvement of roasted peanut and bitter attribute intensities and the old spanish-type cultivar Pearl for improvement of sweet. There were, however, several other parents not significantly different from these for each of the attributes. Correlations of the empirically determined GCAs with the previously predicted BLUPs of breeding values were positive but moderate in magnitude. For roasted peanut, adjusted genotypic means were slightly superior to the BLUPs as indicators of GCA while for sweet and bitter the BLUPs were slightly superior.

Combining abilities and elite germplasm enhancement across U.S. public sorghum breeding programs

“…General and specific combining abilities are often generated to assist breeders in making breeding decisions from producing breeding crosses and advancing selected hybrid combinations (Fasahat et al, 2016). Typically, crops commercialized as varieties focus on estimating GCA effects (Adhikari et al, 2020;Hinze et al, 2011;Isleib & Pattee, 2007;Teodoro et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2015), whereas those commercialized as hybrids also evaluate SCA effects to maximize heterosis (Bagheri & Jelodar, 2010;de la Vega & Chapman, 2006;Fan et al, 2014;Larièpe et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2020). While sorghum is a self-pollinated species, it has been grown as a hybrid crop in the United States since the development of the A 1 cytoplasmic male sterility system (Stephens & Holland, 1954).…”