A North Adriatic centenarian: The marine research station at Rovinj

Zavodnik, Dušan

doi:10.1007/bf02368371

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Previously known distribution of Schizuster cnnullferus in the northern Adriatic Sea (after Vatova, 1949;Zavodnik, 1971Zavodnik, , 1972Zavodnik, , 1980Gamulin-Brida, 1967, 1974. Reported bottom anoxia events in the nothern Adriatic Sea since 1974.…”

Section: I-schinner M Stachowitsch a N D H Hilcfrsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Loss of benthic communities: warning signal for coastal ecosystem management

Schinner

Stachowitsch

Hilgers

1996

Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.

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1. Marine managers deal predominantly with shallow coastal waters. These are among the most economically valuable, biologically diverse, and endangered marine ecosystems. 2. Major changes in the composition of biological communities in such shallow seas should be cause for alarm. Changes in the benthic subsystem may provide more information than those in the pelagic subsystem because such changes on the seafloor tend to be more long‐term. 3. In the northern Adriatic Sea, soft bottom communities have been subject to a recent series of dramatic mortalities due to oxygen deficiency (accompanied by marine snow events and a series of anthropogenic impacts). The affected areas measure hundreds to thousands of square kilometres. 4. We document this deterioration based on the two major components of soft bottom communities (the endo‐ and epibenthos), specifically on a key endobenthic species (the sea urchin Schizaster canaliferus) and on a characteristic epibenthic filter‐feeding community. 5. The high frequency of disturbances, coupled with lengthy recovery periods, indicate a long‐term destabilization of the entire ecosystem. 6. Coastal managers must be aware of the significance of such ecological shifts; biological data should form the basis for policy‐ and decision‐making processes. ©1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: I-schinner M Stachowitsch a N D H Hilcfrsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…communities of the northern Adriatic Sea (Vatova, 1949;Zavodnik, 1971Zavodnik, , 1972Zavodnik, , 1980Gamulin-Brida, 1967, 1974. Bioturbation is a key process in modifying interstitial water properties and sediment layering (Aller, 1982).…”

Section: I-schinner M Stachowitsch a N D H Hilcfrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of benthic communities: warning signal for coastal ecosystem management

Schinner

Stachowitsch

Hilgers

1996

Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.

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“…Having graduated with his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna in 1877, Freud soon found himself seeking research experience under Ernst von Brücke, Müller's former student (Shepherd, 2016). Freud had grown interested in neurophysiology through visits to the zoological station in Trieste, founded in 1875 in part to supply experimental organisms to the universities in Vienna and Graz (Zavodnik, 1995;Gandolfi, 2010). Freud went to work with Brücke to study an enigmatic fibrous structure in the lamprey spinal canal, discovered in 1860 by the anatomist Ernst Reissner (Reissner, 1860).…”

Section: Large Nerve Fibers and The Neuron Doctrine 1830s-1880smentioning

confidence: 99%

Lampreys and spinal cord regeneration: “a very special claim on the interest of zoologists,” 1830s-present

Jones

Morgan

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Employing history of science methods, including analyses of the scientific literature, archival documents, and interviews with scientists, this paper presents a history of lampreys in neurobiology from the 1830s to the present. We emphasize the lamprey’s roles in helping to elucidate spinal cord regeneration mechanisms. Two attributes have long perpetuated studies of lampreys in neurobiology. First, they possess large neurons, including multiple classes of stereotypically located, ‘identified’ giant neurons in the brain, which project their large axons into the spinal cord. These giant neurons and their axonal fibers have facilitated electrophysiological recordings and imaging across biological scales, ranging from molecular to circuit-level analyses of nervous system structures and functions and including their roles in behavioral output. Second, lampreys have long been considered amongst the most basal extant vertebrates on the planet, so they have facilitated comparative studies pointing to conserved and derived characteristics of vertebrate nervous systems. These features attracted neurologists and zoologists to studies of lampreys between the 1830s and 1930s. But, the same two attributes also facilitated the rise of the lamprey in neural regeneration research after 1959, when biologists first wrote about the spontaneous, robust regeneration of some identified CNS axons in larvae after spinal cord injuries, coupled with recovery of normal swimming. Not only did large neurons promote fresh insights in the field, enabling studies incorporating multiple scales with existing and new technologies. But investigators also were able to attach a broad scope of relevance to their studies, interpreting them as suggesting conserved features of successful, and sometimes even unsuccessful, CNS regeneration. Lamprey research demonstrated that functional recovery takes place without the reformation of the original neuronal connections, for instance, by way of imperfect axonal regrowth and compensatory plasticity. Moreover, research performed in the lamprey model revealed that factors intrinsic to neurons are integral in promoting or hindering regeneration. As this work has helped illuminate why basal vertebrates accomplish CNS regeneration so well, whereas mammals do it so poorly, this history presents a case study in how biological and medical value have been, and could continue to be, gleaned from a non-traditional model organism for which molecular tools have been developed only relatively recently.

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“…Starting from 1911, several scientific cruises, mainly under control of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, were organized to study the Adriatic Sea, using small boats as the RVs Rudolf Virchow, Argo, Adria, Najade, Ciclope and Montebello (Relini 2000). Among others, important plankton collections were studied by Valeria Neppi andAdolf Steuer (1879-1943) author of Planktonkunde (1910), a textbook used even now by students and scientists for studies of the Adriatic plankton (Zavodnik 1995). After the catastrophe followed the First World War, the Rovinj Station passed under the control of the Italian Regio Comitato Talassografico.…”

Section: At Rovinjmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief history of the Italian marine biology

Cattaneo‐Vietti

Russo

2019

The European Zoological Journal

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This paper is a short history of Italian marine biology, starting from the mid 16th century. During the Renaissance, a profound curiosity for marine sciences animated the scientific thought and several Italian naturalists started to collect rare and unusual marine items, sometimes acting with little critical sense towards medieval unbelievable legends. The 17th and 18th centuries saw a development of botany and zoology as modern disciplines and Italian scholars started to study the Mediterranean fauna and flora. They became active mainly at the Universities of Trieste, Venice, Palermo, Naples, Rome and Genoa and in other scientific institutions that arose under the different political regimes in which Italy was divided at that time. The Kingdom of Italy, born in 1861 with enormous financial difficulties, was interested in reaching an international scientific limelight: hence, some oceanographic expeditions were organized all around the world with a significant collection of data and specimens. The scientific interest for sea life increased and became at international level at the end of the 19th century, with the foundations of the first shorebased Zoological Stations in Trieste and Naples. At the beginning of the 20th century, intensive studies of inshore benthic communities by dredging and, afterwards by diving, started concurrently with those on structure and dynamics of plankton and fish populations which yielded a significant knowledge of the marine life from the Mediterranean continental platform. After the Second World War, the fundamental studies conducted at the Zoological Station of Naples on genetics, embryology and developmental biology using marine organisms as study models, were spread to different universities, going to constitute an Italian school of experimental embryology of international value. Today, the modern Italian marine biology is increasingly multi-disciplinary, requiring the participation of biochemists, geneticists and mathematicians and it opens up to new frontiers often linked to the global changes.

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A North Adriatic centenarian: The marine research station at Rovinj

Abstract: The institute in Rovinj was founded in 1891 as the field station of the Berhn Aquarium.

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Loss of benthic communities: warning signal for coastal ecosystem management

Loss of benthic communities: warning signal for coastal ecosystem management

Lampreys and spinal cord regeneration: “a very special claim on the interest of zoologists,” 1830s-present

A brief history of the Italian marine biology

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