A Nonrebreathing Breath Collection System for the Study of Exogenous and Endogenous Compounds in the Fisher-344 Rat

Raymer, James; Slauter, R. W.; Velez, George; Gaudette, Norman F.; Bucher, J. R.

doi:10.3109/15376519409068450

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a parallel study, emission profiles from rodent (mice and rat) respiration and excretion were assessed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), known products of respiration (6). This trial was conducted because early in the study high levels of VOCs were observed both in the clean air exposure chamber and in the low exposure levels.…”

Section: Collection Of Rodent Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Characterization of Four Dilutions of Diesel Engine Exhaust for a Subchronic Inhalation Study

McDonald

Barr

White

et al. 2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure atmospheres for a rodent inhalation toxicology study were generated from the exhaust of a 2000 Cummins ISB 5.9L diesel engine coupled to a dynamometer and operated on a slightly modified heavy-duty Federal Test Procedure cycle. Exposures were conducted to one clean air control and four diesel exhaust levels maintained at four different dilution rates (300:1, 100:1, 30:1, 10:1) that yielded particulate mass concentrations of 30, 100, 300, and 1000 microg/m3. Exposures at the four dilutions were characterized for particle mass, particle size distribution (reported elsewhere), detailed chemical speciation of gaseous, semivolatile, and particle-phase inorganic and organic compounds. Target analytes included metals, inorganic ions and gases, organic and elemental carbon, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic and aliphatic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), oxygenated PAH, nitrogenated PAH, isoprenoids, carbonyls, methoxyphenols, sugar derivatives, and sterols. The majority of the mass of material in the exposure atmospheres was gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, with lesser amounts of volatile organics and particle mass (PM) composed of carbon (approximately 90% of PM) and ions (approximately 10% of PM). Measured particle organic species accounted for about 10% of total organic particle mass and were mostly alkanes and aliphatic acids. Several of the components in the exposure atmosphere scaled in concentration with dilution but did not scale precisely with the dilution rate because of background from the rodents and scrubbed dilution air, interaction of animal derived emissions with diesel exhaust components, and day-to-day variability in the output of the engine. Rodent-derived ammonia reacted with exhaust to form secondary inorganic particles (at different rates dependent on dilution), and rodent respiration accounted for volatile organics (especially carbonyls and acids) in the same range as the diesel exhaust at the lowest exhaust exposure concentrations. Day-to-day variability in the engine output was implicated partially for differences of several components, including some of the particle bound organics. Though these observations have likely occurred in nearly all inhalation exposure atmospheres that contain complex mixtures of material, the speciations conducted here illustrate many of them for the first time.

show abstract

Section: Collection Of Rodent Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Characterization of Four Dilutions of Diesel Engine Exhaust for a Subchronic Inhalation Study

McDonald

Barr

White

et al. 2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Ketones of Six to Thirteen Carbons

O’Donoghue

2023

Patty's Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketones of carbon number 6–13 are important commercial and industrial materials. Their primary use is as solvents that find use in numerous products and industrial applications. Due to their volatility, environmental regulations have been directed at restricting emissions, particularly to the atmosphere. A number of the ketones discussed in this chapter not only can undergo photochemical transformations that contribute to their abiotic degradation but may also contribute to the formation of smog. Regulations limiting or prohibiting release of materials that may contribute to smog formation are leading to reductions in the use of some of these materials. The ketones covered in this chapter are mainly of concern due to inhalation and dermal exposure routes. Acute exposure to high vapor concentrations of these materials may result in narcosis; however, such exposures are rare except in cases of accidents. Repeated exposure to certain of these ketones may result in peripheral neuropathy or hepatic effects.

show abstract

Ketones of Six To Thirteen Carbons

Topping¹,

Morgott²,

O’Donoghue³

2001

Patty's Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketones of carbon number 6–13 are important commercial and industrial materials. Their primary use is as solvents that find use in numerous products and industrial applications. Due to their volatility, environmental regulations have been directed at restricting emissions, particularly to the atmosphere. A number of the ketones discussed in this chapter can undergo photochemical transformations that contribute to their abiotic degradation but may also contribute to the formation of smog. Regulations limiting or prohibiting release of materials that may contribute to smog formation are leading to reductions in the use of some of these materials. As for the short‐chain ketones discussed in Chapter 75, the ketones covered in this chapter are mainly of concern due to inhalation and dermal exposure routes. Acute exposure to high vapor concentrations of these materials may result in narcosis; however, such exposures are rare except in cases of accidents. Low levels of exposure to many of these ketones can be expected in the environment and through endogenous exposure because ketones are common substrates for many of the enzymes associated with intermediary metabolism in organisms from bacteria to man.

show abstract

A Nonrebreathing Breath Collection System for the Study of Exogenous and Endogenous Compounds in the Fisher-344 Rat

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Generation and Characterization of Four Dilutions of Diesel Engine Exhaust for a Subchronic Inhalation Study

Generation and Characterization of Four Dilutions of Diesel Engine Exhaust for a Subchronic Inhalation Study

Ketones of Six to Thirteen Carbons

Ketones of Six To Thirteen Carbons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About