A non-native population of the Critically Endangered Sulawesi crested black macaque persists on the island of Bacan

Hilser, Harry; Siwi, Yunita; Agung, Ismail; Masson, G.; Bowkett, Andrew E.; Plowman, A. B.; Taronga, Vicky Melfi; Tasirin, Johny S.

doi:10.1017/s0030605313000872

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In some instances, the introduced population already made (or could make) a difference, as underlined by the moderate increase in the RLI calculated on our re-assessments. The Celebes’ crested macaque’s ( Macaca nigra ) introduced population in Indonesia probably exceeds that in its native range, and it is likely facing less threats than in the native range (where it is a favored bushmeat species; Hilser et al 2013, Lee et al 2020). The Australian introduced population of banteng ( Bos javanicus ) is reported to be thriving and likely not facing the same threats as in the native range (Gardner et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthesis on alien mammals threatened in their native range

Tedeschi,

Lenzner,

Schertler

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Many alien species are safe in their native ranges; however, some are threatened, posing a challenging conundrum for conservation and invasion science. We focused on alien threatened mammals, examining their distribution, pathways, threats, and conservation strategies. We also reassessed their IUCN Red List category to evaluate the effect of including alien populations in extinction risk assessments. Of 242 alien mammals, we identified 41 aliens that are threatened, classified as critically endangered (19%), endangered (27%), or vulnerable (54%). They were primarily introduced for hunting and exchanged within Asia, with introduced ranges concentrated in eastern Australia. They were subject to multiple threats, most notably biological resource use. Including alien populations in the categorization assessments reduces extinction risk of 22% of the species. We highlighted the conservation value of alien populations for threatened mammals. However, conservation managers and extinction risk assessors shall carefully consider their use, to avoid negative impacts on native biodiversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthesis on alien mammals threatened in their native range

Tedeschi,

Lenzner,

Schertler

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Climate, Temporal Abundance of Key Food Sources and Home Ranges of Crested Macaques (Macaca nigra) in Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Longitudinal Phenological Study

Joly,

Tamengge,

Pfeiffer

et al. 2023

Int J Primatol

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Climate change is associated with more frequent extreme weather conditions and an overall increase in temperature around the globe. Its impact on individual ecosystems is not yet well known. Long-term data documenting climate and the temporal abundance of food for primates are scarce. We used long-term phenological data to assess climate variation, fruit abundance and home range sizes of the endemic and Critically Endangered crested macaques (Macaca nigra) in Tangkoko forest, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Between January 2012 and July 2020, every month, we monitored 498 individual trees from 41 species and 23 families. We noted each tree’s phenophase and assessed variation in climate (daily temperature and rainfall) and fruit abundance. We also investigated whether individual trees of known key food sources for macaques (New Guinea walnut trees, Dracontomelon spp, two species, N = 10 individual trees; fig trees, Ficus spp, four species, N = 34, and spiked peppers, Piper aduncum, N = 4) showed regular and synchronised fruiting cycles. We used 2877 days of ranging data from four habituated groups to estimate home ranges between January 2012 and July 2020. We created models to evaluate the impact of ecological factors (temperature, rainfall, overall fruit abundance, fig abundance). We found that the temperature increased in Tangkoko forest, and the overall fruit abundance decreased across the study. Top key fruits showed different trends in fruiting. Figs seem to be present year-round, but we did not detect synchrony between individuals of the same species. The macaque home ranges were about 2 km2. Monthly temperature was the main predictor of home range size, especially in disturbed forest with previously burnt areas. This information will help to further monitor changes in the macaques’ habitat, and better understand ranging and foraging strategies of a Critically Endangered species and hence contribute to its conservation.

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