A Non-Invasive Method for Measuring Cardiac Output: The Effect of Christmas Lunch

The cardiovascular responses to feeding in man

“…CO assessed by the indirect Fick method shows good correlation with results obtained by thermodilution at rest in patients with normal left ventricular function (Muiesan, Sorbini, Solinas, Grassi, Casucci & Petz, 1968;Cowley, Stainer, Murphy, Murphy & Hampton, 1986) and with left ventricular failure (Cowley et al 1986). In addition, the indirect Fick method has been used to demonstrate a rise in CO after a meal (Cowley et al 1986;Sidery, Macdonald, Cowley & Fullwood, 1991).…”

Endogenous insulin and insulin sensitivity. An important determinant of skeletal muscle blood flow in chronic heart failure?

“…The method has been demonstrated to correlate closely with cardiac output measurement by thermodilution [10] . Carbon dioxide production was calculated from minute ventilation and mixed expired carbon dioxide concentration, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in pulmonary venous (systemic arterial) blood was derived from end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration and the partial pressure in mixed venous blood was measured following a rebreathing manoeuvre.…”

Effects of Rehabilitation in Patients with Cardiac Disease

“…1995 In a study involving 17 healthy subjects Muiesan et al (1968) found the rebreathing method underestimated cardiac output compared to direct Fick measurements. Cowley et al (1986a) did not find any mean difference between the two methods for 10 patients with cardiac disease and Reybrouck and Fag~d (1990) found it tended to overestimate at rest (mean difference 0.5 LIm) in 16 subjects with hypertension, whilst the mean difference was minimal during exercise. The variation in results for the rebreathing method has been found to be higher at rest than during exercise (Fagard and Conway 1990).…”

“…The indirect Fick principle using carbon dioxide as the indicator is well established in this laboratory (Cowley et al 1986a;Muller et al 1992;Walsh et aI. 1995 In a study involving 17 healthy subjects Muiesan et al (1968) found the rebreathing method underestimated cardiac output compared to direct Fick measurements.…”

“…This limits their applicability, with only the patients , used by Cowley et al (1986a) being similar to the study sample. The results of the latter suggested that measurement of cardiac output by the C02 rebreathing method compares satisfactorily with other techniques.…”