A Non‐enzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Photoelectrochemical Sensor Based on a BiVO₄ Electrode

Abstract

In this study, a non‐enzymatic hydrogen peroxide photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on nanoporous BiVO4 film electrode is fabricated by electrodeposit of nanoporous BiOI film on fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass (FTO) and subsequent conversion to BiVO4 by annealing at elevated temperature. The electrode exhibits excellent visible light photoelectrochemical activity, and H2O2 works as a hole scavenger to react with light‐induced electron holes on the valence band of BiVO4. Upon illumination and at applied bias potential of +0.2 V, the photocurrent density is linearly correlated to the concentration of H2O2. The linear determination range of H2O2 is 9.54–764.76 μM with a corresponding correlation coefficient of 0.9997, a detection limit of 1.59 μM (S/N=3), and sensitivity of 182.6 μA mM−1 cm−2. The optimum bias potential, most suitable film thickness, anti‐interference performance, and impedance are also explored. The sensor shows good response towards H2O2 and displays a promising prospect for non‐enzyme PEC H2O2 sensor.

Photoelectrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide on Hematite

“…Keeping this in mind, we gathered in Table 1 benchmark values reported for H 2 O 2 PEC sensors based on several semiconductor photoelectrodes. It shows that our LOD is lower than the ones obtained on BiVO 4 , [34,35] Si, [36] CuO [38] and CdS [39] -based photoelectrodes. In addition, our linear range, which spans 2 orders of magnitudes in concentration, is large and greater than the ones reported for TiO 2 , [28] WO 3 , [31] ZnO [32,33] and Cu 2 O [37] -based photoelectrodes.…”

“…So far, PEC sensing has been mainly employed for the detection of biological macromolecules, in immuno‐ or apta‐ assays and has also been explored for the detection of small organic molecules such as antioxidants or glucose . While H 2 O 2 is a widely‐employed hole scavenger in the field of energy‐related photoelectrochemical research (typically used to probe the upper performance of water‐splitting photoanodes), the PEC sensing of H 2 O 2 has been only reported on TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, BiVO 4 , and Si‐based photoanodes and on Cu 2 O, CuO, CdS, and CuInS 2 ‐based photocathodes.…”

“…[18,19] So far, PEC sensing has been mainly employed for the detection of biological macromolecules, [20] in immuno- [21] or apta- [22] assays and has also been explored for the detection of small organic molecules such as antioxidants [23] or glucose. [24,25] While H 2 O 2 is a widely-employed hole scavenger in the field of energy-related photoelectrochemical research (typically used to probe the upper performance of watersplitting photoanodes), [26,27] the PEC sensing of H 2 O 2 has been only reported on TiO 2 , [28][29][30] WO 3 , [31] ZnO, [32,33] BiVO 4 , [34,35] and Si [36] -based photoanodes and on Cu 2 O, [37] CuO, [38] CdS, [39] and CuInS 2 [40] -based photocathodes. Hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) is a promising photoanode material due to its great abundance, low-cost, chemical stability and its high theoretical photoconversion efficiency.…”

Nanoscale Au-ZnO Heterostructure Developed by Atomic Layer Deposition Towards Amperometric H2O2 Detection

“…Consequently, it is critical to detect H 2 O 2 rapidly and selectively particular at the low concentrations level. So far several methods have already been established for fast H 2 O 2 detection including colorimetric [22][23][24][25], non-enzymatic [26,27], electrochemical [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], chemiluminescent [36][37][38][39], and fluorometric [39,40] measurements. Although all of them demonstrated reasonable results and good repeatability, their main disadvantages include complex separation processes, time-consuming derivation and relatively high running cost.…”

Fabrication of Shape‐Controlled Palladium Nanoparticle‐Decorated Electrospun Polypyrrole/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Hydrogen Peroxide Coalescing Detection

“…Additionally, sudden increases in H 2 O 2 levels can be related to diabetes and several different types of cancer. Sensitive detection and monitoring of biological H 2 O 2 can help direct pharmaceutical therapies . Electrochemical enzymatic H 2 O 2 sensors have been widely researched because of their relative simplicity and high sensitivity .…”