Fermont, L., Szydlowski, N., Colleoni, C. Determination of glucan chain length distribution of glycogen using the fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE) method. Journal of Visualized Experiments. (181), e63392 (2022).
DiscussionGlycogen, a branched glucose polymer, plays an important role in energy metabolism in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.Under conditions of nutrient limitation, bacteria and yeast utilize glycogen for cell survival 1 . In mammals, glycogen has tissue-specific roles, including local use in the muscles to fuel contraction and in the liver to regulate blood glucose levels 2 . The synthesis of glycogen is catalyzed by glycogen synthase, which joins glucose residues via alpha 1,4 linkages, and branching enzyme, which forms alpha 1,6 bonds, thus creating branches in the glycogen macromolecule. The utilization of this energy store is facilitated by glycogen phosphorylase in conjunction with the debranching enzyme, resulting in the remodeling of glycogen and the release of glucose-1-P. The structure of glycogen, including the particle size and branching, are of interest in part because the branching impacts the glycogen solubility, the size of