A Non-Canonical Link between Non-Coding RNAs and Cardiovascular Diseases

Natarelli, Lucia; Weber, Christian

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020445

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…ROS can also directly oxidize certain miRNAs and hydroxylate guanine to generate 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8OHG), altering its structure and stability [148]. Recent studies have found that miRNA-specific position 8-oxoguanine (O8G) modification can alter the target mRNA of miRNA and play an epigenetic regulatory role [149,150]. ROS can affect miRNA maturation by downregulating the expression of Dicer and posttranslationally modifying argonaute-2 (AGO2) and altering Dicer and AGO2 activities [151].…”

Section: Ros Regulate Mirna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Exercise and Aging on Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle: Roles of ROS and Epigenetics

Wang

et al. 2022

Cells

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Aging causes degenerative changes such as epigenetic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Exercise can upregulate muscle mitochondrial homeostasis and enhance antioxidant capacity and represents an effective treatment to prevent muscle aging. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications, and microRNA expression are involved in the regulation of exercise-induced adaptive changes in muscle mitochondria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in signaling molecules in exercise-induced muscle mitochondrial health benefits, and strong evidence emphasizes that exercise-induced ROS can regulate gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are imported into mitochondria from the cytosol, so mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated by nuclear epigenetic mechanisms. Exercise can reverse aging-induced changes in myokine expression by modulating epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of exercise-generated ROS in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, the potential epigenetic mechanisms involved in exercise-induced myokine expression are reviewed.

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Section: Ros Regulate Mirna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Exercise and Aging on Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle: Roles of ROS and Epigenetics

Wang

et al. 2022

Cells

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“…For instance, because of miR-451 precursor’s cleavage by Drosha/Dgcr8, the product is not long enough to cleave by Dicer. Hence, Pre-miR-451 was cleaved by unknown enzymes and then loaded into the Ago-RISC complex ( Natarelli and Weber, 2022 ). Furthermore, there are some miRNAs localized in the nucleus through specific nucleotide motifs.…”

Section: Non-coding Rnas For the Treatment And Diagnosis Of Familial ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs in Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Theranostic Applications

Alikhani

Pourhamzeh

Seydi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common monogenic disease which is associated with high serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and leads to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early diagnosis and effective treatment strategy can significantly improve prognosis. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and innovative targets for therapeutics. Non-coding RNAs have essential roles in the regulation of LDL-C homeostasis, suggesting that manipulation and regulating ncRNAs could be a promising theranostic approach to ameliorate clinical complications of FH, particularly cardiovascular disease. In this review, we briefly discussed the mechanisms and pathophysiology of FH and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FH. Moreover, the theranostic effects of different non-coding RNAs for the treatment and diagnosis of FH were highlighted. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ncRNA-based therapies vs. conventional therapies were discussed.

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“…Besides the cytoplasm, miRNAs also localize to the nucleus [2,7]. They modulate gene expression [2,8,9] and potentially a subset of alternative splices [10][11][12].…”

Section: The Links Between Mirnas and Gene Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for Flipons and miRNAs in Promoter Specification during Development

Herbert

Pavlov

Konovalov

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The classical view of gene regulation is based on prokaryotic models and the operon concept with protein-based transcription factors controlling the expression of metabolic pathways essential for bacterial adaptations in response to environmental changes. A new view for establishing cell identity is emerging in eukaryotes where RNA-based pathways provide the framework for the readout of genomic information. Another perspective poses that alternative DNA structures encoded by flipons enable switching of cellular responses from one state to another. Here we provide evidence that these RNA and DNA mechanisms are deeply connected. We present data supporting a model where flipons open up binding sites for microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to the establishment of bivalent promoters early in development whose location structures lineage-specific events. These outcomes are potentially influenced by ovarian and spermatozoan miRNAs, transmissions with evident evolutionary ramifications. The data supports a new perspective on genetic regulation, one in which the genome provides a canvas framed by flipons, sketched with miRNAs and embellished by proteins.

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A Non-Canonical Link between Non-Coding RNAs and Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 12 publications

References 109 publications

Impact of Exercise and Aging on Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle: Roles of ROS and Epigenetics

Impact of Exercise and Aging on Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle: Roles of ROS and Epigenetics

Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs in Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Theranostic Applications

A role for Flipons and miRNAs in Promoter Specification during Development

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