A Noble and Economical Method for the Synthesis of Low Cost Zeolites From Coal Fly Ash Waste

Yadav, Veejendra K.; Suriyaprabha, R.; Inwati, Gajendra Kumar; Gupta, Nitin; Singh, Braj Raj; Lal, Chhagan; Kumar, Pankaj; Godha, Meena; Kalasariya, Haresh S.

doi:10.1080/2374068x.2021.1927640

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The obtained ferrous free particles were treated with 8 M NaOH for 16 h, along with continuous stirring at a temperature of 95 • C under reflux conditions. The analysis by the instruments revealed that the synthesized particles were rod-spherical-shaped of sizes 60-200 nm, while few were also in microns [6].…”

Section: Synthetic Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Zeolites are present in nature and are mined in various parts of the world, but they are impure and less organized, so for smother work they have been synthesized commercially. Natural zeolites are formed in volcanic ashes, sedimentary rocks [37], clay-kaolins [38], red mud [39], coal fly ash (CFA) [6], bauxite minerals [1,40] and other earthy materials [41]. On the other hand, synthetic zeolites are synthesized in laboratory conditions by optimizing the conditions of various elements [42].…”

Section: Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Si and Al composition of CFA determines their types, which can be classified into four groups. However, until now, among waste products, all the zeolites have been synthesized from CFA [6,58], kaolin [40,59] and red mud [39].…”

Section: Synthetic Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, ISA could act as a potential candidate for the synthesis of zeolites as few works have reported its chemical composition unlike CFA and kaolin or red mud. However, it has been most underestimated in the scientific community, limiting its application to our daily life [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Short Review on the Utilization of Incense Sticks Ash as an Emerging and Overlooked Material for the Synthesis of Zeolites

Yadav¹,

Choudhary

Tirth

et al. 2021

Crystals

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The traditional hydrothermal synthesis methods are mainly performed under batch operation, which generally takes few days to weeks to yield a zeolite with the desired properties and structure. The zeolites are the backbone of the petrochemical and wastewater industries due to their importance. The commercial methods for zeolite synthesis are expensive, laborious and energy intensive. Among waste products, incense sticks ash is a compound of aluminosilicates and could act as a potential candidate for the synthesis of zeolites for daily needs in these industries. Incense sticks ash is the byproduct of religious places and houses and is rich in Ca, Mg, Al and Si. As a result, incense sticks ash can be proven to be a potential candidate for the formation of calcium-rich zeolites. The formation of zeolites from incense sticks ash is an economical, reliable and eco-friendly method. The application of incense sticks ash for zeolite synthesis can also minimize the problem related to its disposal in the water bodies, which will also minimize the solid waste in countries where it is considered sacred and generated in tons every day.

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Section: Synthetic Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Short Review on the Utilization of Incense Sticks Ash as an Emerging and Overlooked Material for the Synthesis of Zeolites

Yadav¹,

Choudhary

Tirth

et al. 2021

Crystals

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“…It has excellent creep resistance, acceptable thermal shock and stress resistance, and acceptable strength wear resistance, and it can be used at high temperatures. Mullites can be applied as an effective replacement for platinum in diesel engines, furnace liners, electrical insulators, protection tubes, kiln furniture, rollers, heat exchanger components, heat insulation parts, pressed parts, and isostatically pressed parts [ 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 ].…”

Section: Industrial Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Value-Added Minerals from Various Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Wastes

Yadav¹,

Yadav²,

Tirth

et al. 2021

Materials

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Environmental pollution is one of the major concerns throughout the world. The rise of industrialization has increased the generation of waste materials, causing environmental degradation and threat to the health of living beings. To overcome this problem and effectively handle waste materials, proper management skills are required. Waste as a whole is not only waste, but it also holds various valuable materials that can be used again. Such useful materials or elements need to be segregated and recovered using sustainable recovery methods. Agricultural waste, industrial waste, and household waste have the potential to generate different value-added products. More specifically, the industrial waste like fly ash, gypsum waste, and red mud can be used for the recovery of alumina, silica, and zeolites. While agricultural waste like rice husks, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut shells can be used for recovery of silica, calcium, and carbon materials. In addition, domestic waste like incense stick ash and eggshell waste that is rich in calcium can be used for the recovery of calcium-related products. In agricultural, industrial, and domestic sectors, several raw materials are used; therefore, it is of high economic interest to recover valuable minerals and to process them and convert them into merchandisable products. This will not only decrease environmental pollution, it will also provide an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach for materials synthesis. These value-added materials can be used for medicine, cosmetics, electronics, catalysis, and environmental cleanup.

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Experimental and Computational Approaches for the Structural Study of Novel Ca-Rich Zeolites from Incense Stick Ash and Their Application for Wastewater Treatment

Yadav¹,

Choudhary

Ali

et al. 2021

Adsorption Science & Technology

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At present, chemical Si/Al sources are mainly used as precursor materials for the manufacturing of zeolites. Such precursor materials are quite expensive for commercial synthesis. Here, we have reported the synthesis of Ca-based zeolite from incense stick ash waste by the alkali-treatment method for the first time. Incense stick ash (ISA) was used as a precursor material for the synthesis of low Si zeolites by the alkali-treatment method. The as-synthesized zeolites were characterized by various instruments like particle size analyzer (PSA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). FTIR and XRD helped in the identification of the microstructure and crystalline nature of the zeolites and also confirmed the synthesis of Ca-based zeolite with two thetas at 25.7°. The microscopic analysis by FESEM and TEM exhibited that the size of synthesized Ca-rich zeolites varies from 200 to 700 nm and they are aggregated and cuboidal in shape. Additionally, structural, electronic, and density of states’ characteristics of gismondine (Ca2Al4Si4O16·9H2O) structures were evaluated by computational simulations (first principle, density functional theorem). The structural optimization of structures was carried out in the first stage under the lowest condition of total energy and forces acting on atoms for the lattice constant, as well as the available experimental and theoretical findings. The present research approach predicted the transformation of ISA waste into a value-added mineral, i.e., zeolite, which was further used for the removal of both heavy metals and alkali metals from fly ash-based wastewater using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).

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A Noble and Economical Method for the Synthesis of Low Cost Zeolites From Coal Fly Ash Waste

Cited by 11 publications

References 68 publications

A Short Review on the Utilization of Incense Sticks Ash as an Emerging and Overlooked Material for the Synthesis of Zeolites

A Short Review on the Utilization of Incense Sticks Ash as an Emerging and Overlooked Material for the Synthesis of Zeolites

Extraction of Value-Added Minerals from Various Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Wastes

Experimental and Computational Approaches for the Structural Study of Novel Ca-Rich Zeolites from Incense Stick Ash and Their Application for Wastewater Treatment

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