A Nine-Year Study of the Phytoplankton of the Eutrophic and Non-Stratifying Loch Leven (Kinross, Scotland)

Bailey‐Watts, A. E.

doi:10.2307/2259295

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Average and median values are usually lower during winter and concentrations less variable. In Loch Leven, however, winter biomass is even higher than summer biomass as a consequence of spring peaks that occurred as early as February in several years (see Bailey-Watts, 1978, figs 6 and 8, and reports at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk). The lowest average winter biomass (0.9 g m -3 fresh weight (fw)) occurred in Alte Donau.…”

Section: Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Loch Leven winter phytoplankton has been very variable over the years. In the early years (1968)(1969)(1970) L. redekei was associated with small unicellular centric diatoms, Diatoma elongatum and Asterionella formosa, and a species of Synechococcus (Bailey-Watts, 1978). In the winter periods of 1971 to 1976 centric diatom species and A. formosa were accompanied by A. flos-aquae.…”

Section: Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Winter conditions in six European shallow lakes: a comparative synopsis

Dokulil

Herzig²,

Somogyi³

et al. 2014

Estonian J. Ecol.

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Abstract. This review summarizes winter conditions from six polymictic European shallow lakes. The lakes range from oligotrophic to hyper-eutrophic. Four of the lakes freeze regularly while ice cover is absent or rare in the two others. Ice duration and timing of ice-out are significantly influenced by climate signals in three of the lakes. Winter water temperature remains higher in nonice-covered lakes. No long-term trend in temperature is detectable except for one lake where winter water temperature began to increase in 1986. Secchi depth in winter is equal or greater than summer values in all six lakes indicating relatively better light conditions in winter. Total phosphorus concentration in winter ranges from 10 to 130 µg L -1 , which is equal or lower than summer values and is unrelated to chlorophyll a in five of the sites. Phytoplankton species composition during winter differs largely at the six sites. The winter assemblages largely depend on the trophic level and the conditions during the previous season. Winter chlorophyll a and phytoplankton biomass are usually lower than summer values because of reduced photosynthetic rates. Bacterial production often exceeds primary production. Epipelic algal assemblages tend to proliferate during winter in both ice-covered and non-ice-covered lakes. Primary production is low during winter because of insufficient light. Zooplankton abundances and biomass critically depend on conditions during the previous season and the winter situation and are quite variable from year to year, but their values correlate with the trophic status of the lakes. As a result, winter conditions are important to understand seasonal and annual changes in shallow lakes.

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Section: Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter conditions in six European shallow lakes: a comparative synopsis

Dokulil

Herzig²,

Somogyi³

et al. 2014

Estonian J. Ecol.

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“…The varying sampling method may add variability to the results (discussed later), although previous studies have shown that open water and outflow samples rarely differ markedly in terms of chlorophyll a (e.g. Bailey-Watts, 1978). Samples were preserved with Lugol's iodine solution and stored for counting for no longer than 1 year.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacterial blooms: Statistical models describing risk factors for national-scale lake assessment and lake management

Carvalho

Miller

Scott

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

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The NERC and CEH trade marks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. . Surprisingly, the models developed reveal that nutrient concentrations are not the primary explanatory variable; water colour and alkalinity were more important. However, given suitable environments (low colour, neutral-alkaline waters), cyanobacteria do increase with both increasing retention time and increasing TP concentrations, supporting the observations that cyanobacteria are one of the most visible symptoms of eutrophication, particularly in warm, dry summers. The models can contribute to the assessment of risks to public health, at a regional-to national level, helping target lake monitoring and management more cost-effectively at those lakes at highest risk of breaching World Health Organisation guideline levels for cyanobacteria in recreational waters. The models also inform restoration options available for reducing cyanobacterial blooms, indicating that, in the highest risk lakes (alkaline, low colour lakes), risks can generally be lessened through management aimed at reducing nutrient loads and increasing flushing during summer.

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“…This site, which is one of the very few open water National Nature Reserves in Scotland, is well-documented in terms of many aspects of its physical, chemical and biological features (Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1974), especially its nutrients and phytoplankton (Holden and Caines, 1974;Bailey-Watts, e.g. 1976, 1978, 1982, 1986) and the shifting trends in eutrophication over the last 20 years (Bailey-Watts and Maitland, 1984;Bailey-Watts et al, 1990.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus fractionation and mobility in Loch Leven sediments

Farmer¹,

Bailey‐Watts²,

Kirika³

et al. 1994

Aquatic Conservation

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ABSTRACT1. This paper reports on the application of a chemical fractionation scheme for assessing the amounts, forms and potential mobility (recycling potential) of phosphorus in the sediments of the freshwater Loch Leven, which is currently highly topical in relation to eutrophication and its manifest dense, potentially toxic, blue-green algae. The findings are placed in the context of the biological importance of the loch, the problems it is experiencing and some management options for its restoration.2. The fractionation scheme adopted enabled quantification of phosphorus in sediment pore water and in sedimentary solid phases classified as 'loosely-bound', 'reductant-soluble', 'oxide-adsorbed', 'organic', 'apatite-bound' and 'residual' in the sections of a 16-cm core collected in January 1990.3. Vertical profiles of reductant-soluble and pore water phosphorus and iron show redox-controlled remobilization and cycling within the sediment to be the principal mechanisms leading to the surface sediment enrichment of phosphorus observed during the winter months.4. The association of phosphorus with iron oxyhydroxides in the reductant-soluble fraction, which accounts for 31% of the total phosphorus (2470 mg kg-I) in the 0-1 cm section compared with 0.5% loosely-bound, 25.6% oxide-adsorbed, 27.9% organic, 9.9% apatite-bound and 5.1 Yo residual, restricts the release of phosphorus to the overlying water column in winter.5 . Extrapolation of the data to the whole loch suggests that in early 1990 more than 40 tonnes of phosphorus were associated with the surfaces of iron oxyhydroxides in the upper 10 cm of Loch Leven sediment, about five times that required to raise loch water concentrations to maxima of 0.15 mg L-I observed during the algal blooms of summer under conditions favourable to the release of phosphorus from the sediments.6. Despite recent measures to reduce external inputs of phosphorus and thereby limit the degree of eutrophication of Loch Leven, there appears to have been little overall change in the inventory of phosphorus associated with iron in the upper 10 cm of sediment since 1970.7. There should be more detailed seasonal and spatial studies of the chemical fractionation and mobility of phosphorus in Loch Leven sediments to investigate the extent to which release from the reductant-soluble iron oxyhydroxide fraction (internal loading) contributes to the highly elevated phosphorus concentrations in loch water during summer.

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A Nine-Year Study of the Phytoplankton of the Eutrophic and Non-Stratifying Loch Leven (Kinross, Scotland)

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Winter conditions in six European shallow lakes: a comparative synopsis

Winter conditions in six European shallow lakes: a comparative synopsis

Cyanobacterial blooms: Statistical models describing risk factors for national-scale lake assessment and lake management

Phosphorus fractionation and mobility in Loch Leven sediments

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