Abstract:Chloride ion batteries (CIBs) have drawn growing attention as attractive candidates for large-scale energy storage technology because of their high theoretical energy densities (2500 Wh L−1), dendrite-free characteristic and abundance...
“…h) Energy densities of the PBVCl 2 cathodes and the previous reported cathode materials added for comparison. [10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23] The energy densities were calculated using the median voltage and the discharge capacities at different current densities.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chen The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202311700 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311700 resources available worldwide, various electrode couples with high theoretical energy densities, and smooth deposition of metal anodes. [8,9] A variety of inorganic and organic cathode materials, including metal chlorides, [10] metal oxychlorides, [11][12][13][14] bimetallic hydroxides, [15][16][17][18][19] nitrogenbased polymers, [20][21][22] and metal-organic framework, [23] for reversible chloride ion storage in CIBs have been reported. Compared to the inorganic cathode materials, the organic cathode materials with nitrogen redox center do not contain metallic element from mineral resources and exhibit intriguing features of flexible structural design and slight volume change during cycling.…”
A variety of inorganic and inorganic cathode materials for chloride ion storage are reported. However, their application in chloride ion batteries (CIB) is hindered by poor rate capability and cycling stability. Herein, an organic poly(butyl viologen dichloride) (PBVCl2) cathode material with significantly enhanced rate and cycling performance in the CIB is achieved using a crown ether (18‐Crown‐6) additive in the tributylmethylammonium chloride‐based electrolyte. The as‐prepared PBVCl2 cathodes exhibit impressive capacity increases from 149.4 to 179.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and from 57.8 to 111.9 mAh g−1 at 10 C, demonstrating the best rate performance with the highest energy density among those of various reported cathodes for CIBs. This impressive performance improvement is a result of the great boosts in charge transfer, ion transport, and interface stability of the battery by the use of 18‐Crown‐6, which also contributes to a more than twofold increase in capacity retention after 120 cycles. The electrode reaction mechanism of the CIB based on highly reversible chloride ion transfer is revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
“…h) Energy densities of the PBVCl 2 cathodes and the previous reported cathode materials added for comparison. [10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23] The energy densities were calculated using the median voltage and the discharge capacities at different current densities.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chen The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202311700 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311700 resources available worldwide, various electrode couples with high theoretical energy densities, and smooth deposition of metal anodes. [8,9] A variety of inorganic and organic cathode materials, including metal chlorides, [10] metal oxychlorides, [11][12][13][14] bimetallic hydroxides, [15][16][17][18][19] nitrogenbased polymers, [20][21][22] and metal-organic framework, [23] for reversible chloride ion storage in CIBs have been reported. Compared to the inorganic cathode materials, the organic cathode materials with nitrogen redox center do not contain metallic element from mineral resources and exhibit intriguing features of flexible structural design and slight volume change during cycling.…”
A variety of inorganic and inorganic cathode materials for chloride ion storage are reported. However, their application in chloride ion batteries (CIB) is hindered by poor rate capability and cycling stability. Herein, an organic poly(butyl viologen dichloride) (PBVCl2) cathode material with significantly enhanced rate and cycling performance in the CIB is achieved using a crown ether (18‐Crown‐6) additive in the tributylmethylammonium chloride‐based electrolyte. The as‐prepared PBVCl2 cathodes exhibit impressive capacity increases from 149.4 to 179.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and from 57.8 to 111.9 mAh g−1 at 10 C, demonstrating the best rate performance with the highest energy density among those of various reported cathodes for CIBs. This impressive performance improvement is a result of the great boosts in charge transfer, ion transport, and interface stability of the battery by the use of 18‐Crown‐6, which also contributes to a more than twofold increase in capacity retention after 120 cycles. The electrode reaction mechanism of the CIB based on highly reversible chloride ion transfer is revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
“…[8][9][10] Replacing distillation technology by adsorption separation using porous adsorbents would bring tremendous global benefits due to high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental friendliness. [11][12][13] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an emerging type of customizable adsorbents with abundant functionality and structural modularity offer a promising platform for addressing the task-specific requirements of various applications, [14][15][16][17][18] especially in gas separation and purification. [19][20][21][22][23][24] For C 2 H 6 /C 2 H 4 separation, the utilization of C 2 H 6 -selective MOFs is more desirable owing to pure C 2 H 4 products can be directly obtained through one-step separation process, avoiding additional desorption step that is indispensably for C 2 H 4 -selective MOFs and greatly reducing energy consumption.…”
Ethylene (C2H4) purification and propylene (C3H6) recovery are highly relevant in polymer synthesis, yet developing physisorbents for these industrial separation faces the challenges of merging easy scalability, economic feasibility, high moisture stability with great separation efficiency. Herein, we reported a robust and scalable MOF (MAC‐4) for simultaneous recovery of C3H6 and C2H4. Through creating nonpolar pores decorated by accessible N/O sites, MAC‐4 displays top‐tier uptakes and selectivities for C2H6 and C3H6 over C2H4 at ambient conditions. Molecular modelling combined with in situ infrared spectroscopy revealed that C2H6 and C3H6 molecules were trapped in the framework with stronger contacts relative to C2H4. Breakthrough experiments demonstrated exceptional separation performance for binary C2H6/C2H4 and C3H6/C2H4 as well as ternary C3H6/C2H6/C2H4 mixtures, simultaneously affording record productivities of 27.4 and 36.2 L kg‐1 for high‐purity C2H4 (≥ 99.9%) and C3H6 (≥ 99.5%). MAC‐4 was facilely prepared at deckgram‐scale under reflux condition within 3 hours, making it as a smart MOF to address challenging gas separations.
“…Benefiting from the highly ordered arrangement of organic linkers and inorganic blocks, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were endowed with the structural features of adjustable architecture, readily modifiable confined space, and large surface area 13–21 . These unique characteristics promoted MOFs vast applicability as chemosensors in detecting water‐soluble toxic ions or cations, volatile organic compounds, and nitroaromatic explosives 22–30 .…”
The trace detection of biomarkers in real samples has profound a most important significance in the early diagnosis and daily monitoring of diseases. Based on the ligand pre‐design strategy, a novel 3D CuMOF, with the formula of {[Cu4(BTPB)(μ2‐OH)2(H2O)5]·3H2O}n, was fabricated by using the hexacarboxyl ligand of 1,4‐bis(2,4,6‐tricarboxylpyrid‐5‐yl)benzene (H6BTPB) and tetranuclear {Cu4(COO)4(μ2‐OH)2} SBUs. Benefiting from the robust framework and unique luminescence performance, the prepared CuMOF displays great potential as a dual‐responsive efficient luminescent sensor in “turn‐off” detection of 3‐nitrotyrosine (3‐NT) biomarker and “turn‐on” detecting the anthrax biomarker of dipicolinic acid (DPA), with detection limits (LOD) for 3‐NT and DPA being 110.8 ng/ml and 85.2 ng/ml, respectively. Additionally, the practicality and compatibility of such developed sensors were verified by quantifying 3‐NT and DPA biomarkers in diluted serum and urine samples with satisfactory recoveries. Further, the theoretical calculations of energy levels as well as the spectral overlap between the analytes and CuMOF were conducted to elucidate the possible sensing mechanisms. This work demonstrated that MOFs‐based luminescent sensors are evolving as an efficacious and equable approach for the detection of biomarkers in real samples.
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