A newcomer: the Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator

Klinger, T.

doi:10.1051/epn/2016506

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…In terms of its development track towards high performance, the stellarator is some decades behind the tokamak. The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator (see figure 3) [35], that has recently come into operation in Greifswald in Germany, is the world's largest stellarator. Its design was only possible when sufficient computational power became available.…”

Section: Stellarator (Mission 8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific and technical challenges on the road towards fusion electricity

Donné¹,

Federici²,

Litaudon³

et al. 2017

J. Inst.

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A: The goal of the European Fusion Roadmap is to deliver fusion electricity to the grid early in the second half of this century. It breaks the quest for fusion energy into eight missions, and for each of them it describes a research and development programme to address all the open technical gaps in physics and technology and estimates the required resources. It points out the needs to intensify industrial involvement and to seek all opportunities for collaboration outside Europe. The roadmap covers three periods: the short term, which runs parallel to the European Research Framework Programme Horizon 2020, the medium term and the long term.ITER is the key facility of the roadmap as it is expected to achieve most of the important milestones on the path to fusion power. Thus, the vast majority of present resources are dedicated to ITER and its accompanying experiments. The medium term is focussed on taking ITER into operation and bringing it to full power, as well as on preparing the construction of a demonstration power plant DEMO, which will for the first time demonstrate fusion electricity to the grid around the middle of this century. Building and operating DEMO is the subject of the last roadmap phase: the long term. Clearly, the Fusion Roadmap is tightly connected to the ITER schedule. Three key milestones are the first operation of ITER, the start of the DT operation in ITER and reaching the full performance at which the thermal fusion power is 10 times the power put in to the plasma. The Engineering Design Activity of DEMO needs to start a few years after the first ITER plasma, while the start of the construction phase will be a few years after ITER reaches full performance. In this way ITER can give viable input to the design and development of DEMO. Because the neutron fluence in DEMO will be much higher than in ITER, it is important to develop and validate materials that can handle these very high neutron loads. For the testing of the materials, a dedicated 14 MeV neutron source is needed. This DEMO Oriented Neutron Source (DONES) is therefore an important facility to support the fusion roadmap. K: Nuclear instruments and methods for hot plasma diagnostics; Instrumentation for neutron sources

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Section: Stellarator (Mission 8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific and technical challenges on the road towards fusion electricity

Donné¹,

Federici²,

Litaudon³

et al. 2017

J. Inst.

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Fusion energy

Wagner

2018

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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Fusion energy is one of the options to contribute to the energy demand of future generations without adding to global warming. In this paper, we present the status of fusion energy research on the basis of magnetic confinement.Fusion energy is one of the options to contribute to the energy demand of future generations without contributing to global warming. In this paper, we present the status of fusion energy research on the basis of magnetic confinement. In France, the first fusion reactor ITER is under construction. Its success will be measured on the expectation to deliver 500 MW thermal power-a factor of 10 above the power to maintain the energy producing process. ITER is based on the tokamak concept. In addition, Wendelstein 7-X, an ambitious stellarator, has recently started operation. Both confinement concepts-the tokamak and the stellarator-will be discussed along with general topics regarding fusion technology, operational safety, fusion waste, possible electricity costs, and roadmaps toward a fusion reactor as a power source. RevIew DISCUSSION POINTS• ITER will demonstrate the feasibility of fusion energy.• The use of fusion energy will be inherently safe and not pollute the environment.• There is an urgent need to develop fusion materials which can withstand the harsh environment of high neutron and power fluxes.• Renewable energies will not be able to meet the demand of all energy consuming sectors in highly developed industrial countries. Therefore, all carbon-free energy sources should be developed including fast fission reactors, CCS-technologies, and fusion.

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A newcomer: the Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Scientific and technical challenges on the road towards fusion electricity

Scientific and technical challenges on the road towards fusion electricity

Fusion energy

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