A New XAFS Beamline NW10A at the Photon Factory

Nomura, Masaharu; Koike, Yuichiro; Sato, Masato; Koyama, Atsushi; Inada, Yuji; Asakura, Kiyotaka

doi:10.1063/1.2644697

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…A Si(111) double-crystal monochromator was used to produce a monochromatic X-ray beam. The beam was focused into an area smaller than 1 mm × 1 mm (Nomura and Koyama, 1996). The monochromator was calibrated at Mn-K, Fe-K, and Zn-K edges, respectively, at 6539 eV, 7113 eV, and 9663 eV by the most intensive peak in the transmission signals from each metallic foil.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elemental speciation for Mn, Fe, and Zn was performed using XANES spectroscopy at a beamline (BL-12C) of the Photon Factory in the Institute of Material Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK-PF) (Nomura and Koyama, 1996;Ohta et al, 2004). The KEK-PF storage ring was operated at 2.5 GeV with a 450 mA maximum current.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focused beam was irradiated to a spot (trapped aerosol) on a filter. The fluorescence X-ray generated from a sample was measured using a 19-element pure-Ge solid-state detector (SSD) under atmospheric conditions at room temperature (Nomura and Koyama, 1996;Nomura, 1998). The energy region around the metal-Kα fluorescence was selected from elastic scattering and other elements by single-channel analyzers (SCAs).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

et al. 2006

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Variations of the chemical composition and elemental speciation of aeolian dust transported from China to Japan were investigated in this study. During 6-12 April 2002, a large-scale dust event was observed in China, Korea, and Japan. Aerosol samples collected in Beijing, Fukuoka, Nagoya, and Tsukuba at that time were used for this study. Variations of most elemental concentrations against the particle size showed similar trends to that of Al concentration. The particle size distributions indicate that myriad elements in the aerosols originated mainly from mineral aerosols. The metal/Al concentration ratios showed little difference in chemical compositions for aerosols sampled at Beijing and Japanese stations: the chemical composition of aeolian dust is conserved during transportation. Examination by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy revealed that the Fe(III)/Total Fe (T-Fe) ratios of the aerosols collected in Beijing and Fukuoka were mutually resemblant, indicating that the oxidation-reduction reaction of Fe in aeolian dust during its transportation is negligible. However, their ratios were much higher than those of China loess and simulated Asian mineral dust (Chinese geo-reference materials: CJ-1 and CJ-2). Because the aerosol grain size is much smaller than those of CJ-1 and CJ-2, the fine mineral was transported selectively by wind from top soils. It was easily oxidized and had a high Fe(III)/TFe ratio. The XANES spectra of Mn in the aerosol indicated that the Mn(III)/Total Mn (T-Mn) ratios of the aerosol collected in Fukuoka were smaller than those of the dust collected in Beijing. The ratios of the aerosols in Beijing resembled those of CJ-1 and CJ-2. Moreover, only medium grains of the aerosol in Fukuoka had high Mn(III). The other grains had an almost identical Mn(III)/T-Mn ratio as the aerosol collected in Fukuoka in the no event. Thereby, most medium grain aerosols collected in Fukuoka comprised aeolian dust coming from China with high Mn(III)/T-Mn ratios like those of CJ-1 and CJ-2, but the other grain aerosols mixed greatly with local aerosols having low Mn(III)/T-Mn ratios. On the other hand, some elements such as Zn and Pb had different Al concentration ratios from Mn and Fe. The Zn/Al and Pb/Al concentration ratios of fine grains increased tenfold to a hundredfold with the decrease of particle size. Therefore, the increasing trend for these elements indicates that the fraction of anthropogenic materials was greatly increased in fine grains. The XANES spectra of Zn suggested that the contribution of mineral aerosols decreased gradually with decreasing particle size and that the residual components were explained by Zn(NO 3 ) 2 in coarse-medium grains and ZnSO 4 in fine grains. However, Zn in aeolian dust, which is a main component of mineral aerosols, only rarely originated from anthropogenic materials when a large-scale dust event was observed.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

et al. 2006

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“…Imaging XAFS measurement was carried out at the NW10A beamline, 5 the Photon Factory Advanced Ring (PF-AR), the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). We used two kinds of measuring methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature X-ray Imaging Study of Simulated High-level Waste Glass Melt

et al. 2013

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The molten state of simulated high-level waste glass and the behavior of ruthenium element in the melt were investigated by using synchrotron radiation based X-ray imaging technique. Melting, generating and moving of bubbles, condensation and sedimentation of ruthenium element were observed dynamically in continuous 12-bit gray-scale images from the CCD camera. X-ray intensity was obtained easily by digitalizing gray-scale values in the image. The existence of ruthenium element, which is one of the most important insoluble residues in the recycle process of spent nuclear fuels, is emphasized as a black color in the CCD image at X-ray energy higher than the Ru K-edge. The position sensitive imaging X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurement was also performed to clarify a chemical state of ruthenium element in the melt.

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“…[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Pt L 3 -edge XAFS spectra were measured at an X-ray beam line BL-12C of Photon Factory in Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK-IMSS-PF) using a Si(111) monochromator in the fluorescence mode. 47,48 XAFS measurement was performed in 200 ml/min gas flow. A 19-element SSD was used for the fluorescence detection.…”

Section: B Xafs Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-temperaturein situcell with a large solid angle for fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure measurement

Murata

Kobayashi

Okada

et al. 2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We present the design and performance of a high-temperature in situ cell with a large solid angle for fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra. The cell has a large fluorescence XAFS window (116 mmϕ) near the sample in the cell, realizing a large half-cone angle of 56°. We use a small heater (25 × 35 mm2) to heat the sample locally to 873 K. We measured a Pt–SnO2 thin layer on a Si substrate at reaction conditions having a high activity. In situ measurement enables the analysis of the difference XAFS spectra between before and during the reaction to reveal the structure change during the operation.

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A New XAFS Beamline NW10A at the Photon Factory

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

Chemical compositions and XANES speciations of Fe, Mn and Zn from aerosols collected in China and Japan during dust events

High-temperature X-ray Imaging Study of Simulated High-level Waste Glass Melt

A high-temperaturein situcell with a large solid angle for fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure measurement

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