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Canada SCARBROITE (Al14(COa)3(OH)36) was described by Vernon (1829) and Duffin andGoodyear (1957, 1960) as a soft, white, fine-grained material associated with quartz, gibbsite, kaolinite, and calcite, in vertical fissures in a sandstone at Scarborough, Yorkshire, England. Recently, scarbroite was identified in the clay-sized fraction ( < 2.0 #m) of near-shore Muskiki Lake sediments, a paragenesis significantly different from previously reported occurrences.Muskiki Lake is a relatively large (11.3 km 2) sodiummagnesium sulphate-rich hypersaline lake, about 85 km ENE of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. During the summer of 1981, the lake was at a low level, with brine concentrated in three sub-basins. Grab samples of the top 10 cm of non-evaporite lake bottom sediments from the southern sub-basin were collected at 300 m intervals. In addition, samples were collected at 20 cm intervals in a trench dug on the dry lake shore.Experimental. The samples were washed with distilled water to remove the soluble salts; all wash water was retained for analysis. The coarse fraction (> 62/~m) was removed by wet sieving the dispersed (with sodium hexametaphosphate) insoluble sediments. Various silt-(62-2 #m) and clay-sized ( < 2 #m) fractions were isolated using standard settling techniques. Oriented samples were prepared for the clay fractions by allowing several drops of aqueous clay suspension to settle and dry on glass slides. Rapid drying minimized differential grain-size settling. Samples were identified on a Philips Automated Powder Diffraction System PWl710 using monochromatic Cu-Kcq radiation. Prepared standards were used to estimate mineral percentages. Full laboratory procedures and complete study results appear in Egan (1984).Results. Scarbroite occurs in the dry near-shore surface (0 10 cm) sediments of Muskiki Lake, in association with illite, kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, huntite, feldspars, and quartz. Traces of dolomite, calcite, carbonate-apatite, and goethite are also present in the sediments. Scarbroite is not present in the deeper sediments (10 100 cm). Brinesoaked near-shore sediments contain only minor amounts of scarbroite. These sediments are predominantly illite and mixed-layer illite-smectite with kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, and traces of dolomite, huntite, quartz, and carbonate-apatite. Scarbroite does not occur in the brine-saturated lake sediments which consist of illite, mixed-layer illite-smectite, kaolinite, and huntite, with minor smectite, chlorite, halloysite, and traces of dolomite, calcite, feldspars, quartz, and carbonate-apatite. Diaspore, jarosite, nordstrandite, and dawsonite occur in the < 0.25 #m fraction of the brine-saturated sediments. Scarbroite seems to be an authigenic product resulting from dessication of Muskiki Lake bottom sediments.Acknowledgements. This work was done as part of an
Canada SCARBROITE (Al14(COa)3(OH)36) was described by Vernon (1829) and Duffin andGoodyear (1957, 1960) as a soft, white, fine-grained material associated with quartz, gibbsite, kaolinite, and calcite, in vertical fissures in a sandstone at Scarborough, Yorkshire, England. Recently, scarbroite was identified in the clay-sized fraction ( < 2.0 #m) of near-shore Muskiki Lake sediments, a paragenesis significantly different from previously reported occurrences.Muskiki Lake is a relatively large (11.3 km 2) sodiummagnesium sulphate-rich hypersaline lake, about 85 km ENE of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. During the summer of 1981, the lake was at a low level, with brine concentrated in three sub-basins. Grab samples of the top 10 cm of non-evaporite lake bottom sediments from the southern sub-basin were collected at 300 m intervals. In addition, samples were collected at 20 cm intervals in a trench dug on the dry lake shore.Experimental. The samples were washed with distilled water to remove the soluble salts; all wash water was retained for analysis. The coarse fraction (> 62/~m) was removed by wet sieving the dispersed (with sodium hexametaphosphate) insoluble sediments. Various silt-(62-2 #m) and clay-sized ( < 2 #m) fractions were isolated using standard settling techniques. Oriented samples were prepared for the clay fractions by allowing several drops of aqueous clay suspension to settle and dry on glass slides. Rapid drying minimized differential grain-size settling. Samples were identified on a Philips Automated Powder Diffraction System PWl710 using monochromatic Cu-Kcq radiation. Prepared standards were used to estimate mineral percentages. Full laboratory procedures and complete study results appear in Egan (1984).Results. Scarbroite occurs in the dry near-shore surface (0 10 cm) sediments of Muskiki Lake, in association with illite, kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, huntite, feldspars, and quartz. Traces of dolomite, calcite, carbonate-apatite, and goethite are also present in the sediments. Scarbroite is not present in the deeper sediments (10 100 cm). Brinesoaked near-shore sediments contain only minor amounts of scarbroite. These sediments are predominantly illite and mixed-layer illite-smectite with kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, and traces of dolomite, huntite, quartz, and carbonate-apatite. Scarbroite does not occur in the brine-saturated lake sediments which consist of illite, mixed-layer illite-smectite, kaolinite, and huntite, with minor smectite, chlorite, halloysite, and traces of dolomite, calcite, feldspars, quartz, and carbonate-apatite. Diaspore, jarosite, nordstrandite, and dawsonite occur in the < 0.25 #m fraction of the brine-saturated sediments. Scarbroite seems to be an authigenic product resulting from dessication of Muskiki Lake bottom sediments.Acknowledgements. This work was done as part of an
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