A new volumetric method for the determination of histaminase activity in biological fluids

Kapeller-Adler, Regine

doi:10.1042/bj0480099

Cited by 61 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…This conclusion was based on the finding of a strict parallelism between destruction of histamine and cadaverine by diamine oxidase preparations from different sources; competitive inhibition ofdiamine oxidase by histamine and cadaverine; and inhibition of the destruction of both substances by antagonists of diamine oxidase. More recently, however, Kapeller-Adler (1949, 1951 has questioned the identity of the two enzymes.All carbonyl reagents so far examined inhibit diamine oxidase, often in very low concentrations (Zeller, 1942). Zeller has shown that semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide and hydroxylamine produce this effect, and has suggested that diamine oxidase itself contains carbonyl groups which interact with diamines and are blocked by carbonyl reagents.…”

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Potentiation of pharmacological effects of histamine by histaminase inhibitors

Arunlakshana¹,

Mongar²,

Schild³

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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Best showed in 1929 that extracts of animal tissues destroy histamine and named the enzyme system concerned in this reaction histaminase. In 1938 Zeller described an enzyme, diamine oxidase, which destroys the diamines putrescine and cadaverine (Zeller, 1938a), and subsequently concluded that histaminase and diamine oxidase were identical (Zeller, 1938b). This conclusion was based on the finding of a strict parallelism between destruction of histamine and cadaverine by diamine oxidase preparations from different sources; competitive inhibition ofdiamine oxidase by histamine and cadaverine; and inhibition of the destruction of both substances by antagonists of diamine oxidase. More recently, however, Kapeller-Adler (1949, 1951 has questioned the identity of the two enzymes.All carbonyl reagents so far examined inhibit diamine oxidase, often in very low concentrations (Zeller, 1942). Zeller has shown that semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide and hydroxylamine produce this effect, and has suggested that diamine oxidase itself contains carbonyl groups which interact with diamines and are blocked by carbonyl reagents. Various other compounds also inhibit diamine oxidase, though less actively, e.g. guanidine and iminazole and their derivatives. One of the derivatives of guanidine, however, aminoguanidine, is a powerful inhibitor of diamine oxidase (Schuler, 1952), and it is probably relevant that this compound possesses a reactive amino group like the typical carbonyl reagents.The present experiments started with the observation that in the presence of semicarbazide the action of histamine on guinea-pig intestine was markedly potentiated. Then it was found that other effects of histamine were also potentiated and that other histaminase inhibitors acted like semicarbazide. Experiments dealing with the potentiation of histamine by histaminase inhibitors are described in the first part of this paper. The experiments described in the second part were designed to test whether the potentiating effects of * British Council Scholar.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Potentiation of pharmacological effects of histamine by histaminase inhibitors

Arunlakshana¹,

Mongar²,

Schild³

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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“…It then rapidly returns within 3 or 4 days postpartum to the negligible values as found in normal non pregnant women (2).…”

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Histaminase and Histamine in Normal and Toxaemic Pregnancy

Achari

Rao

1971

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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Although the blood histamine concentration during normal pregnancy is within the normal range, the serum histaminolytic power is greatly increased (1-3). This remark able increase in serum histaminolytic power is much more characteristic of pregnancy in man than in any other animals (4). The increase in serum histaminase activity starts as a rule during the second or third month, reaching a maximum in the fifth to the seventh month at which level it remains with modest variations until full term. It then rapidly returns within 3 or 4 days postpartum to the negligible values as found in normal non pregnant women (2).The placenta is very rich in histaminase activity (5) and is the principal source of in creased serum enzyme activity (6). Pathological changes in the placenta can, therefore, be expected to produce alterations in the normal pattern or sequence of changes in the serum histaminolytic power during pregnancy.Lindberg (6) recently showed that an intravenous infusion of histamine resulted in a lower concentration of histamine in blood when a woman was pregnant, and that ad ministration of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of histaminase, to pregnant women raised the concentration of histamine in blood (7).It has been suggested that deviations from the normal pattern of increase in serum histaminase activity are indicative of an abnormal pregnancy (1), and variable changes in the enzyme activity in cases of pre-eclampsia have been reported (8). Studies on urinary excretion of histamine in cases of pre-eclampsia (9) suggest that there is increased con centration of histamine in circulation under this condition.Until recently, it has been thought that serum histaminase estimations might possibly serve to indicate indirectly the histamine content of blood, and that the high histaminolytic power of blood could thus be satisfactorily correlated with the common clinical observa tion of remission of allergic manifestations during pregnancy. Hopes were entertained of throwing light on the significance of tissue and blood histamine via studies of this factor, in the same way that studies of acetylcholinesterase have yielded valuable information on the functions of acetylcholine in the body. The reported similarities between lesions pro duced by experimental poisoning with histamine in pregnant animals and the clinico-pa thological features of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, and the partly difect and partly in direct evidences that have accumulated pointing toward an excess of circulating histamine in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia together with the establishment of the fact that histamine produces definite hypertensive effects under certain conditions have stimulated our interest in the study of the problem of histamine metabolism in normal and toxaemic pregnancy, and have led to the hypothesis that histamine plays a decisive role in the aetiology of pre eclampsia and eclampsia, which has, hitherto, eluded discovery despite extensive research in the past six decades.It seemed desirable from the foregone facts to investigate in...

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“…These were separately caged for 24 hr. without food before individual fasting blood-sugar levels were determined by the modified Folin-Malmros method (Landgrebe and Munday, 1954). They were injected subcutaneously at 7 day intervals with 0.5 ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ti was omitted in 3 cats. Histaminase was prepared from fresh hog-kidney and its activity on the substrate was tested alone and in the presence of Ti and 2339 RP (2 x 10-' to 7 x l0-) according to Kapeller-Adler (1951). Antiadrenaline activity was examined on the blood pressure responses of atropinized spinal cats, cats anaesthetized with chloralose, rabbits anaesthetized with urethane, and dogs anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone or with sodium thiopentone followed by chlorbutol (1 ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%