A new ultrasonic imaging system using time delay spectrometry

Heyser, Richard C.; Croissette, D. H. Le

doi:10.1016/0301-5629(74)90002-7

Cited by 41 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Dashed lines show direct phase measurements after adding linear functions to correct for hydrophone depth discrepancy (see previous section). The direct (after linear adjustment) and indirect measurements show consistent agreement over the usable frequency band(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) to within a few degrees, with root-mean-square differences of 1.76 degrees (PVDF spot-poled bilaminar membrane hydrophone), 3.10 degrees (PVDF capsule hydrophone), 3.43 degrees (PVDF needle hydrophone) and 3.36 degrees (ceramic needle hydrophone).…”

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confidence: 65%

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Time-delay spectrometry measurement of magnitude and phase of hydrophone response

Wear

Gammell

Maruvada

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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A method based on time-delay spectrometry (TDS) was developed for measuring both magnitude and phase response of a hydrophone. The method was tested on several types of hydrophones used in medical ultrasound exposimetry over the range from 5 to 18 MHz. These included polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) spot-poled membrane, needle, and capsule designs. One needle hydrophone was designed for high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) applications. The average reproducibility (after repositioning the hydrophone) of the phase measurement was 2.4°. The minimum-phase model, which implies that the phase response is equal to the inverse Hilbert transform of the natural logarithm of the magnitude response, was tested with TDS hydrophone data. Direct TDS-based measurements of hydrophone phase responses agreed well with calculations based on the minimum-phase model, with rms differences of 1.76° (PVDF spot-poled membrane hydrophone), 3.10° (PVDF capsule hydrophone), 3.43° (PVDF needle hydrophone), and 3.36° (ceramic needle hydrophone) over the range from 5 to 18 MHz. Therefore, phase responses for several types of hydrophones may be inferred from measurements of their magnitude responses. Calculation of phase response based on magnitude response using the minimumphase model is a relatively simple and practical alternative to direct measurement of phase.

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confidence: 65%

“…Another approach employs time delay spectrometry (TDS), a swept-frequency technique originally proposed for audio applications [9,10] and later extended to biomedical applications [11,12]. In hydrophone characterization TDS has been used primarily for measurement of magnitude of hydrophone transfer function [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-delay spectrometry measurement of magnitude and phase of hydrophone response

Wear

Gammell

Maruvada

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…It was subsequently employed in ultrasonic imaging systems (15), used as a method for examining the ultrasonic propagation parameters of tissue as a function of frequency (16,17) and more recently it was demonstrated that TDS reflection measurements can be used for diagnostic clinical applications (18). No applications of TDS technique for calibration purposes appear to have been reported to date.…”

Section: Time Delay Specl'rometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Performance Evaluation of Miniature Ultrasonic Hydrophones Using Time Delay Spectrometry

Lewin

1981

1981 Ultrasonics Symposium

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Digital machines-computers-offer many advantages in communications and information processing. They can accomplish computations at high speed, and they can store and rapidly access vast amounts of information. Despite this sophistication, they are not adept at communicating with humans in a way humans find convenient-namely, by natural spoken language. Computers traditionally prefer the special symbols of compilers and assemblers typically communicated via a typewriter keyboard and a printed display. But, if they could be given human-like abilities for voice communication, their value and ease of use for humans would increase. And, the ubiquitous telephone would take on more of the capabilities of a computer terminal. Giving the computer a "mouth" to talk t o humans draws upon the techniques of speech synthesis. Giving the computer "ears" to listen to humanspoken commands entails automatic recognition of speech. T o provide computers the ability for natural language exchanges, the engineer can be guided to a large extent by the processes of human speech generation and recognition. The physics of sound generation in the human vocal tract and the signal analysis performed in the peripheral auditory mechanism are relatively well understood and can be used as design guides for synthesizers and recognizers. By contrast, the more central cerebral functions of message formulation and message comprehension are less well known, and this lack is reflected in the limitations that presently characterize machine synthesis and recognition. This talk assesses the progress of speech synthesis and recognition by computer techniques, and it outlines potential applications to new voice-communication services. Finally, it draws a perspective on foreseeable developments, and on the continuing research that will support increased sophistication in human/machine communications. At last year's symposium a number of groups, including RSRE, reported the development of monolithic SAW convolvers with attractive IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SONICS AND ULTRASONICS, VOL. SU-29, NO. 3, MAY 1982 159 performance characteristics: integration time -10 ps, bandwidth -100 SAW ELASTIC CONVOLVERSChairpersonMHz, efficiency --75 dBm. In the intervening period we have introduced a number of refinements to the design which have improved the performance in all these primary respects, and in many secondary aspects too. At the time of writing we have produced a convolver with integration time cxcceding 15 ps, and with efficiency exceeding -70 dBm over a bandwidth of 120 MHz. These improvements will be described, together with improvements to many secondary aspects such as, reduced size of the lithium niobate "chip" and its package, simpler testing and setting-up, improved suppression of unwanted selfconvolution signals, and the important aspect of improved reproducibility ofthe overali device ckclracrerisrics. It is now well established that the elastic convolver is a simple, compact, and inexpensive structure which promises to perform, with realtime programmab...

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“…o r i g i n a l l y proposed by Heyser [ 6 ] , has only rece n t l y gained a t t e n t i o n f o r q u a n t i t a t i v e measurements of a c o u s t i c f i e l d parameters a t medical u l t r a s o n i c s frequencies [10,11,12]. …”

Section: S P E C T R a L Analysis C H A R A C T E R I Z A T I O N Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spectral Analysis Technique in Ultrasound Transducer Characterization

Lewin

Pedersen

Schafer

1984

IEEE 1984 Ultrasonics Symposium

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This paper briefly outlines a spectral analysis procedure for qualitative characterization of ultrasound transducers and presents applications of the procedure for the assessment of acoustic parameters. The parameters include the transmitting and receiving frequency response, directivity pattern and effective aperture of different shape piezoelectric tranceivers. The advantages and fundamental limitations of the spectral analysis technique are discussed in terms of frequency range, signal to noise ratio and dynamic range. Experimental data are presented which show that the technique is extremely useful in transducer performance evaluation as a continuous function of frequency. Future applications of the technique, including complex, i.e. both amplitude and phase, characterization of ultrasound piezoelectric transducers, are also pointed out.

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A new ultrasonic imaging system using time delay spectrometry

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Time-delay spectrometry measurement of magnitude and phase of hydrophone response

Time-delay spectrometry measurement of magnitude and phase of hydrophone response

Calibration and Performance Evaluation of Miniature Ultrasonic Hydrophones Using Time Delay Spectrometry

A Spectral Analysis Technique in Ultrasound Transducer Characterization

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