A New Type of Magnet-sensitive Inclusions in Cells of Photosynthetic Purple Bacteria

Vainshtein, Mikhail; Сузина, Н. Е.; Sorokin, V. V.

doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(97)80064-1

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Glasauer et al (19) identified membrane-bound crystalline Fe inclusions in Shewanella putrefaciens grown with ferrihydrite as an electron acceptor. Vainshtein et al (57) identified magnet-sensitive particles in Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii which were rich in Fe but did not contain sulfur. In a separate study, Vainshtein et al (56) found magnet-sensitive inclusions of various types in prokaryotic cells of diverse phylogenies when they were grown in medium containing 1 mM iron, suggesting some kind of detoxification function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

Simmons

Sievert²,

Frankel

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

182

219

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The occurrence and distribution of magnetotactic bacteria (MB) were studied as a function of the physical and chemical conditions in meromictic Salt Pond, Falmouth, Mass., throughout summer 2002. Three dominant MB morphotypes were observed to occur within the chemocline. Small microaerophilic magnetite-producing cocci were present at the top of the chemocline, while a greigite-producing packet-forming bacterium occurred at the base of the chemocline. The distributions of these groups displayed sharp changes in abundance over small length scales within the water column as well as strong seasonal fluctuations in population abundance. We identified a novel, greigite-producing rod in the sulfidic hypolimnion that was present in relatively constant abundance over the course of the season. This rod is the first MB that appears to belong to the ␥-Proteobacteria, which may suggest an iron-rather than sulfur-based respiratory metabolism. Its distribution and phylogenetic identity suggest that an alternative model for the ecological and physiological role of magnetotaxis is needed for greigite-producing MB.Magnetotactic bacteria (MB) are motile gram-negative bacteria whose directional swimming behavior is affected by the Earth's geomagnetic and external magnetic fields. They contain highly ordered intracellular chains of magnetic iron minerals, either magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), greigite (Fe 3 S 4 ) (33), or in one case, both (7). Magnetite MB (MMB) are found in both freshwater and marine environments, while greigite MB (GMB) appear to be unique to marine systems. Both MMB and GMB are present in salt marsh sediments, stratified salt ponds, estuarine basins in the Eastern coastal United States (5-7, 32, 33, 51), coastal marshes along the California coast (E. F. DeLong, personal communication), and other similar habitats worldwide, as well as deep-sea sediments (43). This widespread distribution of marine MB suggests that they are globally more abundant than freshwater MB.All known MB share the following characteristics: motility by means of flagella, negative tactic responses to atmospheric concentrations of oxygen, optimal growth under microaerophilic or anaerobic conditions, and a respiratory metabolism (51). MB are typically found at or below the oxycline in sediments and water columns and can reach significant population densities: the freshwater MMB "Magnetotacticum bavaricum" (proposed name) can reach 7 ϫ 10 5 cells per cm 3 at the oxycline in freshwater sediments (48). Many, if not most, groups of MB that have been observed in the environment have not been grown in pure culture in the laboratory. Fewer than 10 strains are available in pure culture, and most of those are magnetiteproducing ␣-Proteobacteria of the genus Magnetospirillum from freshwater environments. A few strains of marine MMB are available in culture (3,45,51). These strains are all microaerophiles when growing on O 2 , and some can grow anaerobically on N 2 O (3). All are capable of oxidizing but not reducing inorganic sulfur compounds, with the exceptio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

Simmons

Sievert²,

Frankel

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

182

219

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“…Several purple photosynthetic bacteria produce intracellular, "magnet-sensitive," electron-dense particles when cultured in growth media containing relatively high concentrations of iron (Vainshtein et al 1997). The inclusions are spherical and contain an electron-transparent core surrounded by an electron-dense matrix and can be separated from lysed cells.…”

Section: Other Examples Of Microbial Biomineralization Of Magnetite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Modes of Biomineralization of Magnetite by Microbes

Bazylinski

Frankel

Konhauser

2007

Geomicrobiology Journal

144

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“…Although a high constitutive level of autotrophic enzymes was found in Thiobacillus neapolitanus (Kuenen & Beudeker, 1982), it is questionable whether the inclusions we observed would represent ' carboxysomes ' sensu stricto, given the heterotrophic growth conditions used. Furthermore, because these inclusions did not show electron-dense contrast in unstained samples, and since no iron could be detected by electron energy-loss spectroscopy, they are not similar to the magnet-sensitive inclusions found in Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii and Rhodopseudomononas palustris (Vainshtein et al, 1997). The exact nature of the dark-stained inclusions remains unknown at this stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Thiobaca trueperi gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium isolated from freshwater lake sediment.

Rees¹,

Harfoot²,

Janssen³

et al. 2002

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A New Type of Magnet-sensitive Inclusions in Cells of Photosynthetic Purple Bacteria

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

Modes of Biomineralization of Magnetite by Microbes

Thiobaca trueperi gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium isolated from freshwater lake sediment.

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