A new type of augmented reality markers

Makoveychuk, Oleksandr

doi:10.20998/2522-9052.2019.3.06

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A QR code is used in [7] as a DWM, however, the presented methods are devoid of disadvantages of common QR codes due to shuffling and additional filtering. This is discussed in detail in [19]. Shuffling of image pixels has been proposed to ensure DWM stability since the randomness of pixel arrangement secures resistance to local changes in the DWM itself.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Results Of Studying The Methods Of Generating The Distortion-resistant Digital Watermarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methods for generation of digital watermarks resistant to distortion

Martovytskyi

Рубан

Bolohova

et al. 2021

EEJET

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Active attacks and natural impacts can lead to two types of image-container distortions: noise-like and geometric. There are also image processing operations, e.g. scaling, rotation, truncation, pixel permutation which are much more detrimental to digital watermarks (DWM). While ensuring resistance to removal and geometric attacks is a more or less resolved problem, the provision of resistance to local image changes and partial image deletion is still poorly understood. The methods discussed in this paper are aimed at ensuring resistance to attacks resulting in partial image loss or local changes in the image. This study's objective is to develop methods for generating a distortion-resistant digital watermark using the chaos theory. This will improve the resistance of methods of embedding the digital watermark to a particular class of attacks which in turn will allow developers of DWM embedding methods to focus on ensuring the method resistance to other types of attacks. An experimental study of proposed methods was conducted. Histograms of DWMs have shown that the proposed methods provide for the generation of DWM of a random obscure form. However, the method based on a combination of Arnold’s cat maps and Henon maps has noticeable peaks unlike the method based on shuffling the pixels and their bits only with Arnold’s cat maps. This suggests that the method based only on Arnold’s cat maps is more chaotic. This is also evidenced by the value of the coefficient of correlation between adjacent pixels close to zero (0.0109) for color DWMs and 0.030 for black and white images.

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Section: Discussion Of the Results Of Studying The Methods Of Generating The Distortion-resistant Digital Watermarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methods for generation of digital watermarks resistant to distortion

Martovytskyi

Рубан

Bolohova

et al. 2021

EEJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is proposed to carry out a pseudo-holographic coding procedure for the watermark image, which consists in mixing the image pixels using a known pseudo-random permutation [15]:…”

Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a method for improving stability method of applying digital watermarks to digital images

Makoveichuk

Рубан

Bolohova

et al. 2021

EEJET

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A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermark into digital images is presented. A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks into digital images, based on pseudo-holographic coding and additional filtering of a digital watermark, has been developed. The technique described in this work using pseudo-holographic coding of digital watermarks is effective for all types of attacks that were considered, except for image rotation. The paper presents a statistical indicator for assessing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks. The indicator makes it possible to comprehensively assess the resistance of the method to a certain number of attacks. An experimental study was carried out according to the proposed method. This technique is most effective when part of the image is lost. When pre-filtering a digital watermark, the most effective is the third filtering method, which is averaging over a cell with subsequent binarization. The least efficient is the first method, which is binarization and finding the statistical mode over the cell. For an affine type attack, which is an image rotation, this technique is effective only when the rotation is compensated. To estimate the rotation angle, an affine transformation matrix is found, which is obtained from a consistent set of corresponding ORB-descriptors. Using this method allows to accurately extract a digital watermark for the entire range of angles. A comprehensive assessment of the methodology for increasing the stability of the method of applying a digital watermark based on Wavelet transforms has shown that this method is 20 % better at counteracting various types of attacks

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A new type of augmented reality markers

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Development of methods for generation of digital watermarks resistant to distortion

Development of methods for generation of digital watermarks resistant to distortion

Development of a method for improving stability method of applying digital watermarks to digital images

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