A new trionychid turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Heilongjiang Province, Northeastern China

Li, Lü; Tong, Haiyan; Gu, Wei; Liu, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.04.013

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The FPDM specimens constitute one of the oldest records of Trionychidae during the Barremian-Aptian interval. In addition to this and Kappachelys from the Hauterivian-Aptian of Japan (Hirayama et al, 2012), possible stem trionychids have been reported from China (Li et al, 2015a(Li et al, , 2015b; however, no trionychids are yet known from other regions prior to the Albian (Fig. 7).…”

Section: Paleobiogeographymentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Despite the geological age of the locality, it is difficult to determine whether this species is a stem or a crown trionychid because of the high levels of homoplasy among trionychids (Li et al, 2015a). 'Trionyx' jixiensis from the Chengzihe Formation (Aptian-Albian) of northeastern China also possessed a carapace similar to that of crown trionychids (Li et al, 2015b). 'Trionyx' kyrgyzensis from the lower-middle Albian of the Kylodzhun locality, Kyrgyzstan (Nessov, 1995), is the oldest known trionychid outside East Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Nakajima

Danilov

Hirayama

et al. 2017

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Herein we report morphologically and histologically diagnostic trionychid specimens from the Barremian-Aptian (129.4-113.0 Ma) of Japan. One specimen (FPDM-V9487) is an associated skeleton that consists of a scapula, a humerus, an ischium, and hypoplastra. The limb and girdle bones are similar in morphology to those of modern trionychids.The hypoplastron also resembles that of modern trionychids; however, it is distinctive in that it completely lacks callosities.The other three new specimens are fragmentary costals that show a reduction in the shell bones and an absence of scute sulci.Two of the newly reported costals and FPDM-V0127 were examined histologically. Bone fiber bundles organized in a plywood-like structure, which is unique to trionychids, were identified. Fossil occurrence data indicate that morphologically and histologically typical trionychids already inhabited the coastal region of Asia (e.g., western Japan) as early as the Aptian. In contrast, the Hauterivian-Aptian stem trionychid Kappachelys okurai from Japan does not show a plywood-like shell microstructure, suggesting that K. okurai could be the earliest-branching taxon of known stem trionychids or a carettochelyid. Our paleobiogeographic compilation suggests that the spread of wetlands in the Northern Hemisphere and the high global temperature during the middle Cretaceous (Aptian-Turonian, 125.0-89.8 Ma) might have contributed to the dispersal of trionychids from Asia, allowing for the establishment of this modern freshwater reptilian fauna.

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Section: Paleobiogeographymentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Nakajima

Danilov

Hirayama

et al. 2017

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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“…Aspideretoides foveatus (Leidy 29 ) was rescored based on more complete material. The topology of the molecular backbone constraint used in previous morphological analyses is relatively poorly resolved 20 , 21 , 25 . We here employ a composite tree of more recent and better supported phylogenies 30 – 32 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…“ Trionyx ” jixiensis Li et al . 21 , from the Aptian-Albian of Northeastern China (Heilongjiang Province) is represented by a carapace. A third species, Perochelys lamadongensis Li et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Cretaceous fossils from China shed light on the ancestral body plan of crown softshell turtles (Trionychidae, Cryptodira)

Brinkman

Rabi

Zhao

2017

Sci Rep

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Pan-trionychids or softshell turtles are a highly specialized and widespread extant group of aquatic taxa with an evolutionary history that goes back to the Early Cretaceous. The earliest pan-trionychids had already fully developed the “classic” softshell turtle morphology and it has been impossible to resolve whether they are stem members of the family or are within the crown. This has hindered our understanding of the evolution of the two basic body plans of crown-trionychids. Thus it remains unclear whether the more heavily ossified shell of the cyclanorbines or the highly reduced trionychine morphotype is the ancestral condition for softshell turtles. A new pan-trionychid from the Early Cretaceous of Zhejiang, China, Perochelys hengshanensis sp. nov., allows a revision of softshell-turtle phylogeny. Equal character weighting resulted in a topology that is fundamentally inconsistent with molecular divergence date estimates of deeply nested extant species. In contrast, implied weighting retrieved Lower Cretaceous Perochelys spp. and Petrochelys kyrgyzensis as stem trionychids, which is fully consistent with their basal stratigraphic occurrence and an Aptian-Santonian molecular age estimate for crown-trionychids. These results indicate that the primitive morphology for soft-shell turtles is a poorly ossified shell like that of crown-trionychines and that shell re-ossification in cyclanorbines (including re-acquisition of peripheral elements) is secondary.

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“…Shao et al, , 2018Li et al, 2019). However, these fossil turtles have been less commonly collected outside the typical western Liaoning area of the Jehol Biota (e.g., Ma, 1986;Li et al, 2015;Li and Tong, 2017;Wu et al, 2018). Recently, as the first record of the Mesozoic turtles from Jilin Province, the sinemydid Ordosemys has been reported from the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of Xingling Town, Meihekou City (Wu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the Jehol Biota turtle <i>Ordosemys liaoxiensis</i> in the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of southern Jilin Province, China

Zhou

Rabi

2019

Foss. Rec.

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Abstract. Recently, a vertebrate assemblage of the Jehol Biota has been reported from the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of Xingling Town, Meihekou City, Jilin Province, China. It is dominated by the fishes Lycoptera and Sinamia and the sinemydid turtle Ordosemys. Here, we describe the turtle specimens and referral to Ordosemys liaoxiensis, otherwise known from the older Yixian Formation of the Jehol Biota. It is characterized by a subcircular shell, wide vertebral scales, well-developed plastral fenestrae, and a major contribution from the xiphiplastra to enclose the hypo-xiphiplastral fenestra. As the first Mesozoic turtle of Jilin Province, this record represents the first tetrapod to indicate the presence of the Jehol Biota in the region. Given the geographic and temporal distance from the Yixian Formation, future collections from the Hengtongshan Formation have good potential for evaluating spatiotemporal patterns of the Jehol Biota.

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A new trionychid turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Heilongjiang Province, Northeastern China

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Lower Cretaceous fossils from China shed light on the ancestral body plan of crown softshell turtles (Trionychidae, Cryptodira)

Presence of the Jehol Biota turtle <i>Ordosemys liaoxiensis</i> in the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of southern Jilin Province, China

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A new trionychid turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Heilongjiang Province, Northeastern China

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Morphological and histological evidence for the oldest known softshell turtles from Japan

Lower Cretaceous fossils from China shed light on the ancestral body plan of crown softshell turtles (Trionychidae, Cryptodira)

Presence of the Jehol Biota turtle &lt;i&gt;Ordosemys liaoxiensis&lt;/i&gt; in the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of southern Jilin Province, China

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Presence of the Jehol Biota turtle <i>Ordosemys liaoxiensis</i> in the Early Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation of southern Jilin Province, China