A new treatment for congenital nystagmus.

Abadi, Richard V.; Carden, D. E.; Simpson, John I.

doi:10.1136/bjo.64.1.2

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Acupuncture to the neck muscles may suppress INS in some patients, perhaps by a similar mechanism (144,145). Biofeedback has also been reported to help some patients with this condition (146,147), but without sustained effects (148). At present, a definite benefit from any of these treatments is yet to be demonstrated via controlled trials.…”

Section: Other Treatment Approachesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Therapy for Nystagmus

Thurtell

Leigh

2010

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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Pathological forms of nystagmus and their visual consequences can be treated using pharmacological, optical, and surgical approaches. Acquired periodic alternating nystagmus improves following treatment with baclofen, and downbeat nystagmus may improve following treatment with aminopyridines. Gabapentin and memantine are helpful in reducing acquired pendular nystagmus due to multiple sclerosis. Ocular oscillations in oculopalatal tremor may also improve following treatment with memantine or gabapentin. The infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) may have only a minor impact on vision if "foveation periods" are well developed, but symptomatic patients may benefit from treatment with gabapentin, memantine, or base-out prisms to induce convergence. Several surgical therapies are also reported to improve INS, but selection of the optimal treatment depends on careful evaluation of visual acuity and nystagmus intensity in various gaze positions. Electro-optical devices are a promising and novel approach for treating the visual consequences of acquired forms of nystagmus.

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Section: Other Treatment Approachesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Therapy for Nystagmus

Thurtell

Leigh

2010

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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“…Several studies have suggested the utility of biofeedback in the treatment of different ophthalmologic disorders, such as blefarospasm, strabismus, nystagmus, amblyopia, refractive error correction, reduction of intraocular pressure, and in the visual rehabilitation of patients with macular degeneration (Abadi, Carden, & Sinpson, 1980;Allen, 1954;Balliet & Nakayama, 1978;Ciuffreda et al, 1982;Contestaible et al, 2002;Flom, Kirschen, & Bedell, 1980;Fossetti, 1962;Iorio et al, 1998;Leung et al, 1996;Rowan & Sedlacek, 1981;Roxanas, Thomas, & Rapp, 1978;Russ, Kass, & O'Connell, 1978;Trachtman, 1978Trachtman, , 1987.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Instrument for Biofeedback Applied to Vision

Giorgi

Contestabile

Pacella

et al. 2005

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback

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One hundred and ten patients (179 eyes) with reduced visual acuity caused by different ocular disorders underwent visual rehabilitation with an instrument for biofeedback: improved biofeedback integrated system (Ibis). One hundred and fourteen eyes had age-related macular degeneration, 39 eyes had myopic macular degeneration, and 26 eyes were affected by different ocular disorders. A placebo training was developed on 34 patients (47 eyes). Thirty-three eyes had age-related macular degeneration and 15 eyes had myopic macular degeneration. Visual acuity was found to be improved in 130/179 eyes (72.62%). Mean visual acuity was 0.24 before training and 0.36 at the last follow-up. A review of the literature and possible mechanisms are discussed.

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“…Similarly, increased pattern detection thresholds are a result of the CN oscillation [13,14]. Reducing the CN oscillation increases contrast sensitivity [15] and has been the underlying reason behind all currently used therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foveation dynamics in congenital nystagmus I: Fixation

et al. 1992

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Congenital nystagmus (CN) has been described as a 'fixation' nystagmus implying an inability to fixate a target. However, each cycle of CN contains a target-foveation period during which the eye velocity is at, or near, zero. Prolongation of foveation time, reduction of retinal image velocity and cycle-to-cycle foveation repeatability all contribute to increased visual acuity. We developed several methods to accurately measure the dynamics of foveation in CN; their use is illustrated on an individual with typical idiopathic CN and no afferent defects. During eight 5-second intervals of fixation on a stationary target, the horizontal standard deviation (SD) of the mean foveation position (FPOS) was 12.82 minarc and the SD of foveation velocity was 118.36 minarc/sec. The SD of the means of total eye position and of the non-foveating peak of the CN were 43.17 and 25.32 minarc respectively. The mean foveation-time interval (eye velocity less than or equal to 4 degrees/sec) was 57.27 msec. The SD FPOS for the best 1-second interval (4 successive CN cycles), in a typical 5-second record, was 0.71 minarc. Histograms revealed peaks of eye position at 0 +/- 10 minarc and of eye velocity at 0 +/- 240 minarc/sec. The small vertical component of the CN (16 minarc peak-to-peak) had a SD of 6.56 minarc. A nystagmus foveation function related to visual acuity was derived that was more sensitive than CN intensity. The increased visual acuity resulting from the use of convergence or base-out prisms was due to increased foveation time. Although it might appear that CN is a defect of fixation, this individual with CN had strong fixation reflexes in the sense that he was able to accurately (within 1 minarc) achieve (interbeat) and maintain (intrabeat) target foveation for appreciable periods of time. Our data support the hypothesis that individuals with idiopathic CN do not have a primary disturbance of fixation.

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A new treatment for congenital nystagmus.

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Therapy for Nystagmus

Therapy for Nystagmus

An Instrument for Biofeedback Applied to Vision

Foveation dynamics in congenital nystagmus I: Fixation

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